Rakhmatullina E M, Sanam'ian M F
Genetika. 2007 May;43(5):639-46.
Cytogenetic analysis of M2 plants after irradiation of cotton by thermal neutrons was performed in 56 families. In 40 plants of 27 M2 families, different abnormalities of chromosome pairing were found. These abnormalities were caused by primary monosomy, chromosomal interchange, and desynapsis. The presence of chromosome aberrations in some cases decreased meiotic index and pollen fertility. Comparison of the results of cytogenetics analysis, performed in M1 and M2 after irradiation, showed a nearly two-fold decrease in the number of plants with chromosomal aberrations in M2, as well as narrowing of the spectrum of these aberrations. The latter result is explained by the fact that some mutations are impossible to detect in subsequent generations because of complete or partial sterility of aberrant M1 plants. It was established that the most efficient radiation doses for inducing chromosomal aberrations in the present study were 15 and 25 Gy, since they affected survival and fertility of altered plant to a lesser extent.
对56个家系的热中子辐照棉花后的M2代植株进行了细胞遗传学分析。在27个M2家系的40株植株中，发现了不同的染色体配对异常。这些异常是由原发性单体性、染色体互换和去联会引起的。在某些情况下，染色体畸变的存在降低了减数分裂指数和花粉育性。对辐照后M1和M2代进行的细胞遗传学分析结果比较表明，M2代中染色体畸变植株的数量减少了近两倍，同时这些畸变的谱带变窄。后一个结果的解释是，由于畸变M1代植株完全或部分不育，一些突变在后代中无法检测到。已经确定，在本研究中诱导染色体畸变最有效的辐射剂量是15和25 Gy，因为它们对变异植株的存活和育性影响较小。
