Sanam'ian M F
Department of Genetics and Cytoembryology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 700174 Uzbekistan.
Genetika. 2003 Aug;39(8):1081-90.
The karyotypes of biomorphologically abnormal cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants obtained in M2 after pollination with pollen irradiated at dose rates 10, 15, 20, and 25 Gy were studied. Various genomic and chromosomal mutations were detected in 57 M2 families. The primary monosomics isolated in M2 were found to be cytologically more stable and more viable, since they had higher meiotic indices, pollen fertility, and seed formation. In M2, a decrease in the number of plants with multiple karyotype aberrations and interchromosomal exchanges with high frequency of multivalent formation was observed. The multivalents had diverse patterns and types of chromosome segregation and translocation complexes. Their pollen fertility was higher than in translocants found in M1. Desynapsis often occurred in M2, including plants with chromosome deficiency or rearrangements. The variation in the number of univalents in various cells was found to result from different expression of synaptic genes. The results indicate stabilization of karyotypes, increase in cytologic stability and viability, and the absence of sterility in aberrant plants.
对用剂量率为10、15、20和25戈瑞的辐照花粉授粉后在M2代获得的形态生物学异常棉花（陆地棉）植株的核型进行了研究。在57个M2家系中检测到了各种基因组和染色体突变。在M2代分离出的初级单体在细胞学上更稳定且更具活力，因为它们具有更高的减数分裂指数、花粉育性和种子形成率。在M2代，观察到具有多种核型畸变和染色体间交换且多价体形成频率高的植株数量减少。多价体具有不同的染色体分离模式和易位复合体类型。它们的花粉育性高于在M1代发现的易位体。去联会在M2代经常发生，包括具有染色体缺失或重排的植株。发现不同细胞中单价体数量的变化是由联会基因的不同表达引起的。结果表明核型稳定、细胞学稳定性和活力增加，并且异常植株不存在不育现象。
