Evers Susan, Arnold Robert, Hamilton Theresa, Midgett Corina
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2007 Jun;26(3):219-24. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2007.10719604.
The rise in the prevalence of overweight in pediatric populations is a major health concern. Little is known however, about the prevalence of overweight in younger children. Our objectives were to determine the annual prevalence of overweight in children from junior kindergarten (JK) to grade 3; to assess the persistence of overweight over this time period; and, to identify factors associated with overweight in this group.
Annual interviews were completed with parents (primarily the mother) living in economically disadvantaged communities in Ontario who are participating in the Better Beginnings, Better Futures project. Weight and height were measured annually for the children (n=760) beginning in JK. Risk of overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) >or= 85th to < 95th percentile; overweight was BMI >or= 95th percentile. Parents' height and weight were self-reported; BMI >or= 25 was considered overweight.
The risk of overweight among children ranged from 14.1% to 17.5%; the prevalence of overweight increased from 9.9% to 15.2%; 68.2% (15/22) of the children who were overweight in JK were >95th percentile in grade 3. BMI >or= 85th to < 95th percentile or >or= 95th percentile in JK were strongly predictive of overweight in grade 3. Almost 50% of the mothers were overweight.
A high prevalence of overweight was found in young children; and, for a large proportion, their early weight status persisted. Strategies promoting healthy eating and physical activity for both children and parents are essential.
儿童超重患病率的上升是一个主要的健康问题。然而，对于年幼儿童超重的患病率知之甚少。我们的目的是确定从幼儿园小班（JK）到三年级儿童超重的年患病率；评估这段时间内超重的持续性；并确定该群体中与超重相关的因素。
对安大略省经济弱势社区中参与“美好开端，美好未来”项目的家长（主要是母亲）进行年度访谈。从幼儿园小班开始，每年测量儿童（n = 760）的体重和身高。超重风险定义为体重指数（BMI）≥第85百分位数至＜第95百分位数；超重定义为BMI≥第95百分位数。家长的身高和体重通过自我报告获得；BMI≥25被视为超重。
儿童超重风险范围为14.1%至17.5%；超重患病率从9.9%增至15.2%；幼儿园小班时超重的儿童中，68.2%（15/22）在三年级时BMI≥第95百分位数。幼儿园小班时BMI≥第85百分位数至＜第95百分位数或≥第95百分位数可强烈预测三年级时超重。近50%的母亲超重。
年幼儿童中超重患病率较高；并且，很大一部分儿童早期的体重状况持续存在。促进儿童和家长健康饮食及体育活动的策略至关重要。
