Grogl M, Kreutzer R D, McHugh C P, Martin R K
Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1991 Dec;45(6):714-22. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1991.45.714.
We report the biological and biochemical parameters of Leishmania parasites (MNEO/US/90/WR972) isolated from a rodent host, Neotoma micropus, collected in Texas. Footpad inoculations of WR972 promastigotes into BALB/c mice and Syrian hamsters resulted in ulcerating lesions six and eight weeks post-inoculation, respectively. Using monoclonal antibody-stained touch preparations, amastigotes were found in the liver of both laboratory hosts. Infection of J774 macrophages with WR972 promastigotes supported the growth of amastigotes for 12 days at 35 degrees C. The WR972 parasite was identified by enzyme electrophoresis as L. mexicana. Isozyme comparison of WR972 with 42 L. mexicana isolates (from humans and rodents) from four different endemic areas, including Texas, suggest that these parasite populations are identical for approximately 97% of their genetic loci. Pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of WR972 resolved 18 chromosomes with a size range of 300- greater than 2,000 kb. The karyotype strongly resembles that of two other Texas L. mexicana isolates from humans. Taken together, the PFGE, hybridization, and isoenzyme data suggest that the wood rat isolate (WR972) is identical to parasites from human cutaneous lesions isolated in Texas and Central America. In addition, the biological characteristics of WR972, its infectivity of BALB/c mice and the Syrian hamster, and the potential of the isolate to infect, transform, and divide in J774 macrophages indicate that WR972 will be pathogenic in humans if transmission occurs. Health care providers should consider this possibility when studying the epidemiology and control of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Texas.
我们报告了从德克萨斯州捕获的啮齿动物宿主小囊更格卢鼠中分离出的利什曼原虫寄生虫（MNEO/US/90/WR972）的生物学和生化参数。将WR972前鞭毛体接种到BALB/c小鼠和叙利亚仓鼠的足垫中，分别在接种后6周和8周导致溃疡病变。使用单克隆抗体染色的触片，在两种实验宿主的肝脏中均发现了无鞭毛体。WR972前鞭毛体感染J774巨噬细胞后，在35℃下支持无鞭毛体生长12天。通过酶电泳鉴定WR972寄生虫为墨西哥利什曼原虫。WR972与来自包括德克萨斯州在内的四个不同流行地区的42株墨西哥利什曼原虫分离株（来自人类和啮齿动物）的同工酶比较表明，这些寄生虫群体在其约97%的基因位点上是相同的。WR972的脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）解析出18条染色体，大小范围为300 - 大于2000 kb。该核型与另外两株来自德克萨斯州人类的墨西哥利什曼原虫分离株的核型非常相似。综合来看，PFGE、杂交和同工酶数据表明，木鼠分离株（WR972）与在德克萨斯州和中美洲分离出的人类皮肤病变中的寄生虫相同。此外，WR972的生物学特性、其对BALB/c小鼠和叙利亚仓鼠的感染性，以及该分离株在J774巨噬细胞中感染、转化和分裂的潜力表明，如果发生传播，WR972将对人类致病。医疗保健提供者在研究德克萨斯州皮肤利什曼病的流行病学和控制时应考虑到这种可能性。
