Ragins Belle Rose, Singh Romila, Cornwell John M
Sheldon B. Lubar School of Business, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA.
J Appl Psychol. 2007 Jul;92(4):1103-18. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.92.4.1103.
Stigma theory was used to examine the fears underlying the disclosure of a gay identity at work. Using a national sample of 534 gay, lesbian, and bisexual employees, this study examined the antecedents that affect the degree of disclosure of a gay identity at work and, for those who had not disclosed, the factors that influence their fears about full disclosure. Employees reported less fear and more disclosure when they worked in a group that was perceived as supportive and sharing their stigma. Perceptions of past experience with sexual orientation discrimination were related to increased fears but to greater disclosure. For those who had not fully disclosed their stigma, the fears associated with disclosure predicted job attitudes, psychological strain, work environment, and career outcomes. However, actual disclosure was unrelated to these variables. The utility of fear of disclosure for understanding processes underlying the disclosure of gay and other invisible stigmatized identities in the workplace is discussed.
耻辱理论被用于研究在工作中公开同性恋身份背后的恐惧。本研究以全国范围内534名男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋员工为样本，考察了影响在工作中公开同性恋身份程度的前因，以及对于尚未公开的员工而言，影响他们对完全公开的恐惧的因素。当员工所在的群体被认为是支持性的且能分担他们的耻辱时，他们报告的恐惧较少且公开程度更高。对过去性取向歧视经历的认知与恐惧增加相关，但也与更高的公开程度相关。对于那些尚未完全公开其耻辱的人来说，与公开相关的恐惧预示着工作态度、心理压力、工作环境和职业结果。然而，实际公开与这些变量无关。本文讨论了公开恐惧对于理解职场中同性恋及其他无形耻辱身份公开背后过程的作用。
