LGBTQ 工作者的工作相关压力源与心理健康：一项横断面调查的结果。
Work-related stressors and mental health among LGBTQ workers: Results from a cross-sectional survey.
机构信息
School of Labour Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Utah Department of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2022 Oct 25;17(10):e0275771. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275771. eCollection 2022.
PURPOSE
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals experience high rates of adverse mental health outcomes due to the stressors they experience in families, communities, and society more broadly. Work and workplaces have the potential to influence these outcomes given their ability to amplify minority stress, and their ability to influence social and economic wellbeing in this already marginalized population. This study aims to identify how sociodemographic characteristics and characteristics of work, including degree of precarity, industry and perceived workplace support for LGBTQ people, influence self-reported mental health among LGBTQ people in two Canadian cities.
METHODS
Self-identified LGBTQ workers ≥16 years of age (n = 531) in Sudbury and Windsor, Ontario, Canada were given an online survey between July 6 and December 2, 2018. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) to evaluate differences in gender identity, age, income, industry, social precarity, work environment, and substance use among workers who self-reported very poor, poor, or neutral mental health, compared with a referent group that self-reported good or very good mental health on a five-point Likert scale about general mental health.
RESULTS
LGBTQ workers with poor or neutral mental health had greater odds of: being cisgender women or trans compared with being cisgender men; being aged <35 years compared with ≥35 years; working in low-wage service sectors compared with blue collar jobs; earning <$20,000/year compared with ≥$20,000/year; working in a non-standard work situation or being unemployed compared with working in full-time permanent employment; feeling often or always unable to schedule time with friends due to work; feeling unsure or negative about their work environment; and using substances to cope with work.
CONCLUSIONS
Both precarious work and unsupportive work environments contribute to poor mental health among LGBTQ people. These factors are compounded for trans workers who face poorer mental health than cis-LGBQ workers in similar environments.
目的
由于性少数群体（LGBTQ）个体在家庭、社区和更广泛的社会中所经历的压力，他们遭受不良心理健康后果的比率较高。鉴于工作场所和工作具有放大少数群体压力的能力，以及影响这个已经处于边缘地位的群体的社会和经济福利的能力，工作场所和工作有潜力影响这些结果。本研究旨在确定社会人口统计学特征和工作特征（包括不稳定程度、行业以及对 LGBTQ 人群的感知工作场所支持）如何影响加拿大两个城市的 LGBTQ 人群的自我报告心理健康。
方法
在加拿大安大略省萨德伯里和温莎，年龄≥16 岁的自我认同为 LGBTQ 的工人（n=531）于 2018 年 7 月 6 日至 12 月 2 日接受了在线调查。使用多变量有序逻辑回归计算了比值比（OR），以评估在自我报告心理健康状况非常差、差或中等的工人中，性别认同、年龄、收入、行业、社会不稳定、工作环境和物质使用与在五分制 Likert 量表上自我报告心理健康状况良好或非常好的参照组之间的差异。
结果
自我报告心理健康状况较差或中等的 LGBTQ 工人更有可能：与顺性别男性相比，为跨性别女性或跨性别男性；与≥35 岁相比，年龄<35 岁；与蓝领工作相比，从事低薪服务行业；与年收入≥20000 加元相比，收入<20000 加元；与从事全职永久工作相比，从事非标准工作情况或失业；由于工作经常或总是无法安排与朋友的时间；对工作环境不确定或持负面态度；以及使用物质来应对工作。
结论
不稳定的工作和缺乏支持的工作环境都会导致 LGBTQ 人群的心理健康状况较差。对于跨性别工人来说，这些因素比处于类似环境中的顺性别 LGBQ 工人更糟。
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