Dennis Ian
School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Drake's Circus, Plymouth, United Kingdom.
J Appl Psychol. 2007 Jul;92(4):1169-76. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.92.4.1169.
Halo effects in rating specific pieces of work, as in educational grading, have received little attention. Grades awarded by 2 independent graders to undergraduate projects were analyzed with a correlated uniqueness model. Grades showed substantial halo despite being awarded by expert assessors at the time of reading the work. There was greater halo between different grades applying to the same section of the project than between grades applying to different sections. Supervisors who had regular contact with the student whose work they were grading showed no more halo than other graders. More reliable graders showed less within-section halo than graders of lower reliability but equal between-sections halo. The halo effects observed cannot be entirely attributable to a unitary general impression.
在对特定作品进行评分时，如教育评分中的光环效应，很少受到关注。使用相关独特性模型分析了两位独立评分者对本科项目的评分。尽管在阅读作品时由专家评估者给出评分，但分数仍显示出显著的光环效应。适用于项目同一部分的不同分数之间的光环效应，比适用于不同部分的分数之间的光环效应更大。与正在评分的学生有定期接触的导师，其光环效应并不比其他评分者更明显。评分更可靠的评分者，其在部分内的光环效应比可靠性较低的评分者更小，但在部分间的光环效应相同。观察到的光环效应不能完全归因于单一的总体印象。
