Aronoff David M, Romanovsky Andrej A
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0642, USA.
Prog Brain Res. 2007;162:15-25. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(06)62002-5.
Eicosanoids are a large group of oxygenated fatty acids [viz., omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) C(20) polyunsaturated fatty acids], the most important source being the omega-6 cell membrane-derived arachidonic acid (AA). Eicosanoids are produced by many different cell types; through their ligation and activation of specific membrane-bound and intracellular receptors, they regulate myriad physiological and pathological functions, including body temperature (T(b)). However, the thermoregulatory role of eicosanoids has mainly been associated with fever, i.e., with T(b) changes induced during illness; their importance in maintaining T(b) during health remains unclear. In this review, we address the question of whether AA-derived mediators (viz., prostaglandins, leukotrienes and other lipoxygenase metabolites, and the endocannabinoids/endovanilloids) are involved in normal (non-febrile) thermoregulation. We conclude that although prostaglandin E(2) is a principal mediator of fever, it is unlikely to be involved in the maintenance of normal T(b). Other eicosanoids reviewed also seem to have no major role in non-febrile thermoregulation. Newly discovered signaling pathways for eicosanoids, such as the endovanilloid system, may participate in thermoregulation, but further studies are required before definitive conclusions can be made.
类二十烷酸是一大类氧化脂肪酸[即，ω-3（n-3）和ω-6（n-6）C20多不饱和脂肪酸]，最重要的来源是源自细胞膜的ω-6花生四烯酸（AA）。许多不同类型的细胞均可产生类二十烷酸；通过与特定膜结合受体和细胞内受体的连接与激活，它们调节包括体温（Tb）在内的无数生理和病理功能。然而，类二十烷酸的体温调节作用主要与发热有关，即与疾病期间诱导的Tb变化有关；它们在健康状态下维持Tb的重要性仍不清楚。在本综述中，我们探讨源自AA的介质（即前列腺素、白三烯和其他脂氧合酶代谢产物以及内源性大麻素/内源性香草素）是否参与正常（非发热）体温调节这一问题。我们得出的结论是，虽然前列腺素E2是发热的主要介质，但它不太可能参与正常Tb的维持。本文综述的其他类二十烷酸似乎在非发热体温调节中也没有主要作用。新发现的类二十烷酸信号通路，如内源性香草素系统，可能参与体温调节，但在得出明确结论之前还需要进一步研究。
