Oloo A J, Adoyo A, Kariuki D, Boriga D A, Magiri C, Were J B, Koech D K
Centre for Vector Biology and Control, Kisumu, Kenya.
East Afr Med J. 1991 Aug;68(8):606-10.
In-vivo and in-vitro studies to determine the sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum malaria to chloroquine and amodiaquine were conducted in 4 districts of Western Kenya over a 2-year-period. Patients aged 5-60 years, were treated with chloroquine or amodiaquine base 25 mg/kg over 3 days. Recurrence of parasitaemia within 7 days (R1 resistance) or failure to clear parasites (R11 resistance) was observed in 27% of infections in West Pokot district, 51% in Busia, 45% in Bungoma and 19% in Rusinga Island. R111 resistance (failure to decrease parasitaemia by at least 75%) was documented in Rusinga Island. The proportions of parasites with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for chloroquine greater than 114 nM in in-vitro tests ranged from 37% in Busia to 68% in Bungoma. For amodiaquine, 20% of 30 isolates tested had MICs greater than 80 nM. We conclude that resistance to chloroquine is now established in the area and amodiaquine may be useful in uncomplicated chloroquine resistant falciparum infections in the region.
在肯尼亚西部的4个地区，开展了一项为期2年的体内和体外研究，以确定恶性疟原虫对氯喹和氨酚喹的敏感性。年龄在5至60岁的患者，接受了为期3天、剂量为25mg/kg氯喹或氨酚喹碱的治疗。在西波科特地区，27%的感染病例在7天内出现了寄生虫血症复发（R1耐药）或寄生虫未清除（R11耐药）；在布西亚地区，这一比例为51%；在邦戈马地区为45%；在鲁辛加岛为19%。在鲁辛加岛记录到了R111耐药（寄生虫血症未能至少降低75%）。体外试验中，氯喹最小抑菌浓度（MIC）大于114nM的寄生虫比例，在布西亚地区为37%，在邦戈马地区为68%。对于氨酚喹，在测试的30个分离株中，20%的最小抑菌浓度大于80nM。我们得出结论，该地区现已出现对氯喹的耐药情况，氨酚喹可能对该地区非复杂性氯喹耐药恶性疟感染有效。
