Caffrey Conor R
Sandler Center for Basic Research in Parasitic Diseases, Byers Hall N508, University of California San Francisco, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158-2330, United States.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2007 Aug;11(4):433-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.05.031. Epub 2007 Jul 24.
Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic disease in tropical and subtropical regions and is associated with a variety of clinical syndromes that may lead to severe morbidity. Over the past 25 years, therapy and control of schistosomiasis has come to rely heavily on one drug, praziquantel (PZQ). This reliance is of concern should widespread treatment failure arise, particularly as measures are being undertaken to increase PZQ's availability. This review summarizes the use, possible modes of action and limitations of PZQ, and recent attempts to derive synthetic analogs. Alternative artemisinin-based chemotherapies that have shown applicability in certain disease settings are also similarly examined. Looking forward, the review highlights some of the more experimental anti-schistosomals being evaluated (e.g. the trioxolanes), including those where knowledge of the parasite target (e.g. cysteine proteases and hemozoin formation) is more defined.
血吸虫病是热带和亚热带地区的一种慢性寄生虫病，与多种可能导致严重发病的临床综合征相关。在过去25年里，血吸虫病的治疗和控制严重依赖于一种药物——吡喹酮（PZQ）。如果出现广泛的治疗失败，这种依赖性令人担忧，尤其是在采取措施增加吡喹酮可及性的情况下。本综述总结了吡喹酮的用途、可能的作用方式和局限性，以及近期合成类似物的尝试。还同样研究了在某些疾病环境中已显示出适用性的基于青蒿素的替代化疗方法。展望未来，本综述重点介绍了一些正在评估的更具实验性的抗血吸虫药物（如三氧杂环烷），包括那些对寄生虫靶点（如半胱氨酸蛋白酶和疟原虫色素形成）了解更明确的药物。
