Park Heekyeong, Rugg Michael D
Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3800, USA.
Cereb Cortex. 2008 Apr;18(4):868-75. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhm130. Epub 2007 Jul 25.
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the present study investigated whether the enhanced memory performance associated with congruent relative to incongruent retrieval cues is modulated by how items are encoded. Subjects studied a list of visually presented words and pictures and attempted to recognize these items in a later memory test. Half of the studied items were tested with a congruent cue (word-word and picture-picture), whereas the remainders were tested with an incongruent cue (word-picture and picture-word). For both words and pictures, regions where study activity was greater for congruently than incongruently cued items overlapped regions where activity differentiated the 2 classes of study material. Thus, word congruency effects overlapped regions where activity elicited by study words exceeded the activity elicited by pictures. Similarly, picture congruency effects overlapped regions demonstrating enhanced activity for pictures relative to words. In addition, several regions, including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and intraparietal sulcus, demonstrated material-nonspecific congruency effects. The findings suggest that items benefit from a congruent retrieval cue when their study processing resembles the processing later engaged by the retrieval cue. Consistent with the principle of transfer appropriate processing, the benefit of a congruent retrieval cue derives from the interaction between study and retrieval processing.
本研究使用功能磁共振成像技术，探究了与一致检索线索相关的增强记忆表现是否会受到项目编码方式的调节。受试者学习了一系列视觉呈现的单词和图片，并在随后的记忆测试中尝试识别这些项目。一半的学习项目使用一致线索进行测试（单词-单词和图片-图片），而其余项目则使用不一致线索进行测试（单词-图片和图片-单词）。对于单词和图片，与一致线索提示的项目相比，学习活动更强的区域与区分两类学习材料的活动区域重叠。因此，单词一致性效应与学习单词引发的活动超过图片引发的活动的区域重叠。同样，图片一致性效应与相对于单词表现出增强活动的区域重叠。此外，包括背外侧前额叶皮层和顶内沟在内的几个区域表现出材料非特异性的一致性效应。研究结果表明，当项目的学习加工类似于检索线索随后进行的加工时，项目会从一致检索线索中受益。与迁移适当加工原则一致，一致检索线索的益处源于学习和检索加工之间的相互作用。
