Pounder D J, Yonemitsu K
Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Dundee, Scotland.
Forensic Sci Int. 1991 Oct;51(2):189-95. doi: 10.1016/0379-0738(91)90185-l.
Using human cadavers an experimental model was developed to simulate the agonal aspiration of drug- and alcohol-laden vomitus. By needle puncture, an acidified (N/20 HCl) 60-ml slurry of drugs (paracetamol 3.25 g, dextropropoxyphene 325 mg) and ethanol 3% w/v was introduced into the trachea. After 48 h undisturbed at room temperature, blood samples were obtained from ten sites. Ethanol and drug concentrations were highest in the pulmonary vessels in all five cases studied. Pulmonary vein mean ethanol was 58 mg% (range 13-130), paracetamol 969 mg/l (range 284-1934), propoxyphene 70 mg/l (range 11-168). Pulmonary artery mean ethanol was 53 mg% (range 10-98), paracetamol 476 mg/l (range 141-882), propoxyphene 29 mg/l (range 7.6-80). Ethanol and drug concentrations in aortic blood were higher than in the left heart and concentrations in the superior vena cava were higher than in the right heart, suggesting direct diffusion into these vessels rather than diffusion via the pulmonary and cardiac blood. Potential interpretive problems arising from this phenomenon can be avoided by using femoral vein blood for quantitative toxicological analysis.
利用人体尸体开发了一种实验模型，以模拟药物和酒精含量高的呕吐物临终时的吸入情况。通过针刺，将酸化的（N/20 HCl）60毫升药物（对乙酰氨基酚3.25克、右丙氧芬325毫克）和3% w/v乙醇的浆液注入气管。在室温下静置48小时后，从十个部位采集血样。在所研究的所有五例中，肺血管中的乙醇和药物浓度最高。肺静脉平均乙醇含量为58毫克%（范围13 - 130），对乙酰氨基酚为969毫克/升（范围284 - 1934），丙氧芬为70毫克/升（范围11 - 168）。肺动脉平均乙醇含量为53毫克%（范围10 - 98），对乙酰氨基酚为476毫克/升（范围141 - 882），丙氧芬为29毫克/升（范围7.6 - 80）。主动脉血中的乙醇和药物浓度高于左心，上腔静脉中的浓度高于右心，这表明是直接扩散到这些血管中，而不是通过肺和心脏血液扩散。通过使用股静脉血进行定量毒理学分析，可以避免这种现象引起的潜在解释问题。
