Dill-Müller Dorothee, Maschke Jan
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Clinic of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2007 Aug;5(8):689-707. doi: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2007.06453.x.
Ultrasonography is an essential tool for most medical specialties; training in its use is required for dermatology residency programs in Germany. Ultrasonography is a versatile, painless, low-risk, non-invasive procedure which can be done anywhere and easily repeated; it provides real-time visual information about benign and malignant processes in the skin and subcutis. High frequency sonography with 20 MHz scanners is well-established for measuring the thickness of the skin or its tumors and assessing inflammatory skin disorders. Mid-frequency sonography with 7.5-15 MHz sounds is widely used in dermatologic oncology, both for pre-operative staging and follow-up of melanoma patients. The interpretation of sonographic images such as borders of lesions, echogenicity, artifacts and vascular patterns with duplex color sonography requires structured education and intensive training. The wide variety of diagnostic information provided by sonography underlines its essential position in certified skin cancer centers.
超声检查是大多数医学专业的重要工具；德国皮肤科住院医师培训项目要求进行超声检查使用方面的培训。超声检查是一种用途广泛、无痛、低风险、非侵入性的检查方法，可在任何地方进行且易于重复；它能提供有关皮肤和皮下组织良性及恶性病变的实时视觉信息。使用20兆赫扫描仪的高频超声检查在测量皮肤或其肿瘤厚度以及评估炎症性皮肤病方面已得到广泛应用。使用7.5 - 15兆赫探头的中频超声检查在皮肤肿瘤学中广泛用于黑色素瘤患者的术前分期和随访。解读超声图像，如病变边界、回声性、伪像以及双功能彩色超声的血管模式，需要系统的教育和强化培训。超声检查所提供的丰富多样的诊断信息突显了其在认证皮肤癌中心的重要地位。
