Corrêa Eliane C R, Bérzin Fausto
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2007 Oct;71(10):1527-35. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2007.05.031. Epub 2007 Jul 30.
The mouth breathing resulting from nasal obstruction has been highly incident, mostly as a consequence of allergic rhinitis. In children, such condition is more concerned because it causes alteration during their development, which may generate deformities.
To evaluate the efficacy of a program of combined postural exercise and breathing, on the cervical muscles and body posture in school-age mouth breathing children.
Nineteen mouth breathing children, mean age of 10.6 years, both genders, were recruited either from a public school or from a speech-therapy service. The evaluation procedures were electromyographic recordings from the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), sub-occipitals (SOC) and upper trapezius (UT) muscles and computerized photographic analysis pre and post-treatment. The subjects were submitted to a 12-week of a Physical Therapy Program (PTP) consisted by (a) muscular stretching and strengthening exercises using a Swiss ball combined to (b) naso-diaphragmatic re-education.
There was a significant reduction (p<0.05) in the electrical activity on the assessed muscles during quiet position (5, 19 and 7.1% to 3, 2 and 10.3% for SCM, SOC and UT, respectively) and aligned posture (7, 19 and 8% to 4, 9 and 2.6% for SCM, SOC and UT, respectively) after treatment. Improvement in the postural deviation, especially reduction in forward head posture and abducted scapula were demonstrated in the computerized photographic analysis.
A combination of postural and breathing exercises was effective in restoring muscle imbalances and posture in a group of school-age mouth breathing children, as measured by changes in electrical activity and positional data.
由鼻塞引起的口呼吸情况十分常见,主要是过敏性鼻炎所致。在儿童中,这种情况更受关注,因为它会在儿童发育过程中造成改变,可能导致畸形。
评估一项姿势锻炼与呼吸相结合的方案对学龄期口呼吸儿童颈部肌肉和身体姿势的效果。
从一所公立学校或言语治疗服务机构招募了19名口呼吸儿童,平均年龄10.6岁,男女不限。评估程序包括治疗前后对胸锁乳突肌(SCM)、枕下肌(SOC)和上斜方肌(UT)进行肌电图记录以及电脑摄影分析。受试者接受为期12周的物理治疗方案(PTP),该方案包括(a)使用瑞士球进行肌肉拉伸和强化锻炼,以及(b)鼻膈肌再训练。
治疗后,安静状态下评估肌肉的电活动显著降低(p<0.05)(SCM、SOC和UT分别从5%、19%和7.1%降至3%、2%和10.3%),姿势对齐情况也有所改善(SCM、SOC和UT分别从7%、19%和8%降至4%、9%和2.6%)。电脑摄影分析显示姿势偏差有所改善,尤其是头部前倾姿势和肩胛骨外展情况有所减少。
通过电活动和位置数据的变化衡量,姿势和呼吸锻炼相结合对一组学龄期口呼吸儿童恢复肌肉失衡和姿势有效。