Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Programa de Pós-graduação Ciências da Saúde: Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC-MG), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Braz J Phys Ther. 2018 Jan-Feb;22(1):7-19. doi: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2017.06.011. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
Mouth breathing syndrome can cause sleep disturbances that compromise the performance of children in school. It might also cause postural abnormalities involving the head and cervical spine; however, the association between postural abnormalities and mouth breathing in children is unclear.
To assess the methodological quality of studies and determine if there is an association between mouth breathing and postural disorders in children.
Databases comprised MEDLINE, CINAHL, PEDro, LILACS, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Registrar of Controlled Trials. Searches were until March 2016 and included studies that evaluated postural disorders in children diagnosed with mouth breathing. The Downs and Black checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the evidences.
Ten studies were included totaling 417 children from 5 to 14 years. Two studies used the New York State Postural Rating Scale, seven used photography and one used motion capture to measure posture. The methods used to analyze the data included the Postural Analysis Software (SAPO), Fisiometer, ALCimagem and routines in MATLAB program. Quality assessment resulted in low scores (<14) for all the studies. The main areas of weakness were a clear description of the participants, of the methods used to access posture, of the principal confounders and lack of power analysis. External and internal validity were also threatened by the lack of a representative sample and blinding of the participants and assessors, respectively.
The review provides low evidence that mouth-breathing pattern in children between the ages 5-14 years is associated with postural deviations.
口呼吸综合征会导致睡眠障碍，从而影响儿童在学校的表现。它还可能导致涉及头部和颈椎的姿势异常；然而，儿童的姿势异常与口呼吸之间的关联尚不清楚。
评估研究的方法学质量，并确定口呼吸与儿童姿势障碍之间是否存在关联。
数据库包括 MEDLINE、CINAHL、PEDro、LILACS、EMBASE 和 Cochrane 对照试验中央登记处。检索时间截至 2016 年 3 月，纳入了评估被诊断为口呼吸的儿童姿势障碍的研究。使用 Downs 和 Black 清单评估证据的质量。
共纳入 10 项研究，总计 417 名 5-14 岁儿童。两项研究使用了纽约州姿势评分量表，七项研究使用了摄影，一项研究使用了运动捕捉来测量姿势。用于分析数据的方法包括姿势分析软件 (SAPO)、Fisiometer、ALCimagem 和 MATLAB 程序中的例程。所有研究的质量评估得分都较低（<14）。主要的弱点领域是对参与者、评估姿势的方法、主要混杂因素以及缺乏功效分析的明确描述。外部和内部有效性也受到缺乏代表性样本和参与者和评估者的盲法的威胁。
该综述提供的证据表明，5-14 岁儿童的口呼吸模式与姿势偏差之间存在关联。
