香精油对埃及伊蚊幼虫的影响：环境安全型杀虫剂的替代品

Effects of essential oils on Aedes aegypti larvae: alternatives to environmentally safe insecticides.

作者信息

Silva W J, Dória G A A, Maia R T, Nunes R S, Carvalho G A, Blank A F, Alves P B, Marçal R M, Cavalcanti S C H

机构信息

Physiology Department, Federal University of Sergipe, Caixa Postal 52, CEP, 490001-970 Aracaju, SE, Brazil.

出版信息

Bioresour Technol. 2008 May;99(8):3251-5. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.05.064. Epub 2007 Jul 26.

DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2007.05.064

PMID:17662602

Abstract

The essential oils from leaves of Hyptis fruticosa (Lamiaceae) Salzm., H. pectinata (Lamiaceae) Poit., and Lippia gracilis (Verbenaceae) HBK were investigated for their larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti and analyzed by GC/MS. Fifty-nine compounds, representing 91.28-98.39% of the essential oils, have been identified. A standard solution was used to make 20 mL solutions ranging from 30 to 2000 ppm. Twenty larvae between third and fourth stages were added to the essential oil solution. A mortality count was conducted 24 h after treatment. Essential oils LC50 and their confidence limits at 95% probability were calculated by the methods of Reed-Muench and Pizzi, respectively. The essential oil of Lippia gracilis showed potent insecticidal effect against Aedes aegypti larvae, the vector of dengue fever. Carvacrol and caryophyllene oxide were the main responsible for the activity of L. gracilis and H. pectinata. Minor compounds are probably acting synergistically to achieve H. fruticosa activity.

摘要

对来自唇形科的灌木状香科科（Salzm.）、果胶香科科（Poit.）以及马鞭草科的细叶过江藤（HBK）叶片的精油进行了抗埃及伊蚊幼虫活性研究，并通过气相色谱/质谱联用仪进行分析。已鉴定出59种化合物，占精油的91.28 - 98.39%。使用标准溶液配制了浓度范围为30至2000 ppm的20 mL溶液。将20只处于第三和第四阶段之间的幼虫添加到精油溶液中。处理24小时后进行死亡率计数。分别采用里德 - 孟奇法和皮兹法计算精油的半数致死浓度（LC50）及其95%概率下的置信限。细叶过江藤的精油对登革热传播媒介埃及伊蚊幼虫显示出强效杀虫效果。香芹酚和氧化石竹烯是细叶过江藤和果胶香科科活性的主要原因。次要化合物可能协同作用以实现灌木状香科科的活性。