Gabbard Carl, Cordova Alberto, Lee Sunghan
Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4243, USA.
J Mot Behav. 2007 Jul;39(4):242-6. doi: 10.3200/JMBR.39.4.242-246.
The tendency to overestimate has consistently been reported in studies of reachability estimation. According to one of the more prominent explanations, the postural stability hypothesis, the perceived reaching limit depends on the individual's perceived postural constraints. To test that proposition, the authors compared estimates of reachability of 38 adults (a) in the seated posture (P1) and (b) in the more demanding posture of standing on one foot and leaning forward (P2). Although there was no difference between conditions for total error, results for the distribution and direction of error indicated that participants overestimated in the P1 condition and underestimated in the P2 condition. It therefore appears that perceived postural constraints could be a factor in judgments of reachability. When participants in the present study perceived greater postural demands, they may have elected to program a more conservative strategy that resulted in underestimation.
在可达性估计研究中，一直有报告称存在高估的倾向。根据一种较为突出的解释，即姿势稳定性假说，感知到的伸展极限取决于个体感知到的姿势限制。为了验证这一命题，作者比较了38名成年人在（a）坐姿（P1）和（b）单脚站立并向前倾这种要求更高的姿势（P2）下的可达性估计。尽管两种条件下的总误差没有差异，但误差分布和方向的结果表明，参与者在P1条件下高估了，而在P2条件下低估了。因此，感知到的姿势限制可能是可达性判断中的一个因素。在本研究中，当参与者感知到更大的姿势需求时，他们可能选择了一种更保守的策略，从而导致低估。
