Blanchard James F, Halli Shiva, Ramesh B M, Bhattacharjee Parinita, Washington Reynold G, O'Neil John, Moses Stephen
Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 750 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W3, Canada.
Sex Transm Infect. 2007 Aug;83 Suppl 1:i30-36. doi: 10.1136/sti.2006.023572.
To describe the sexual structure, including numbers and distribution of female sex workers (FSWs) and male sexual behaviours in the Bagalkot district of the state of Karnataka in south India.
Village health workers and peer educators enumerated FSWs in each village by interviewing key informants and FSWs. Urban FSW populations were estimated using systematic interviews with key informants to identify sex work sites and then validating FSW populations at each sex work site. Male sexual behaviours were measured through confidential polling booth surveys in randomly selected villages. HIV prevalence was estimated through a community-based survey using randomised cluster sampling. Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients were used to describe the degree of clustering of FSW populations.
Of an estimated 7280 FSWs in Bagalkot district (17.1/1000 adult males), 87% live and work in rural areas. The relative size of the FSW population varies from 9.6 to 30.5/1000 adult males in the six subdistrict administrative areas (talukas). The FSW population was highest in the three talukas with more irrigated land and fewer and larger villages. FSW populations are highly clustered; 93 (15%) of the villages accounted for 54% of all rural FSWs. There is a high degree of FSW clustering in all talukas, and talukas with fewer and larger villages have larger clusters and more FSWs overall. General population HIV prevalence is highest in the taluka with the highest relative FSW population.
Prevention programmes in India should be scaled up to reach FSWs in rural areas. These programmes should be focused on those districts and subdistrict areas with large concentrations of FSWs. More research is required to determine the distribution of FSWs in rural areas in other regions of India.
描述印度南部卡纳塔克邦巴加尔科特地区的性工作结构，包括女性性工作者（FSW）的数量和分布以及男性性行为情况。
乡村卫生工作者和同伴教育者通过访谈关键信息提供者和女性性工作者，对每个村庄的女性性工作者进行计数。城市女性性工作者群体数量通过对关键信息提供者进行系统访谈来估计，以确定性工作场所，然后核实每个性工作场所的女性性工作者群体数量。男性性行为通过在随机选取的村庄中进行保密投票亭调查来衡量。通过基于社区的随机整群抽样调查估计艾滋病毒感染率。使用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数来描述女性性工作者群体的聚集程度。
巴加尔科特地区估计有7280名女性性工作者（每1000名成年男性中有17.1名），其中87%在农村生活和工作。在六个分区行政区（县）中，女性性工作者群体的相对规模从每1000名成年男性中的9.6名至30.5名不等。在拥有更多灌溉土地且村庄数量较少、规模较大的三个县中，女性性工作者群体数量最多。女性性工作者群体高度聚集；93个（15%）村庄的女性性工作者占所有农村女性性工作者的54%。在所有县中女性性工作者都高度聚集，村庄数量较少、规模较大的县聚集程度更高，且总体上女性性工作者数量更多。在女性性工作者相对数量最高的县，普通人群中的艾滋病毒感染率也最高。
印度的预防项目应扩大规模，覆盖农村地区的女性性工作者。这些项目应聚焦于女性性工作者高度集中的那些地区和分区。需要开展更多研究以确定印度其他地区农村女性性工作者的分布情况。
