D'Antuono L Filippo, Elementi Simona, Neri Roberta
Department of Agroenvironmental Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
Phytochemistry. 2008 Jan;69(1):187-99. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.06.019. Epub 2007 Jul 31.
Leaf glucosinolates of 42 Diplotaxis and 21 Eruca accessions were studied. Total content ranged from 0.25 to more than 70 g kg(-1) dry wt. The 13 clusters, defined on the basis of glucosinolate composition, belonged to two glucosinolate-rich groups, characterised by the prevalence of a single component, and one low-glucosinolate group, with a profile not dominated by any individual component. A sinigrin-rich cluster (D. ibicensis, D. berthautii, D. ilorcitana, D. siettiana, D. tenuisiliqua, D. brevisiliqua, and D. virgata) and a gluconapin-rich cluster (D. catholica, D.siifolia, D. virgata, and D. ollivieri) included all the species previously classified in the nigra phylogenetic lineage. D. virgata was confirmed to be a critical taxon, with one accession slightly diverging from the others. D. siifolia subsp. vicentina was separated from the others in a glucobrassicin-rich cluster. D. harra, a rather isolated representative of sub-genus Hesperidium, clustered together D. assurgens in a sinalbin-rich cluster. Another well defined cluster was represented by D. brachycarpa (gluconasturtin). The two sub-species of D. erucoides were well differentiated by their glucosinolate profile. The low glucosinolate species: D. tenuifolia, D. viminea, D. cretacea, D. muralis (subgenus Diplotaxis), and E. vesicaria, all previously included in the rapa/oleracea lineage, belonged to seven less defined clusters, mainly differing on the presence/absence or the relative abundance of some components (glucoraphanin, glucolepidin, 4-hydroxy-glucobrassicin, 4-phenylbutyl gls, glucoerucin and neoglucobrassicin). The data support previous taxonomic works. Glucosinolate-rich taxa, with well characterised profiles may be suitable for industrial uses, whereas the variability of edible D. tenuifolia and E. vesicaria may represent a basis for breeding horticultural types.
对42份双刺芥属和21份芝麻菜种质资源的叶片硫代葡萄糖苷进行了研究。总含量范围为0.25至超过70 g·kg⁻¹干重。根据硫代葡萄糖苷组成定义的13个聚类，属于两个富含硫代葡萄糖苷的组，其特征是单一成分占优势，以及一个低硫代葡萄糖苷组，其图谱不受任何单个成分主导。一个富含黑芥子硫苷的聚类（伊比利亚双刺芥、贝氏双刺芥、伊洛西塔纳双刺芥、谢蒂亚纳双刺芥、细叶双刺芥、短叶双刺芥和野双刺芥）和一个富含葡糖芥苷的聚类（卡托利卡双刺芥、西叶双刺芥、野双刺芥和奥利维耶双刺芥）包括了先前在黑芥系统发育谱系中分类的所有物种。野双刺芥被确认为一个关键分类单元，有一份种质与其他种质略有不同。西叶双刺芥亚种维森蒂纳在一个富含葡糖芸苔素的聚类中与其他物种分开。哈拉双刺芥是柑橘亚属一个相当孤立的代表，在一个富含白芥子硫苷的聚类中与崛起双刺芥聚集在一起。另一个定义明确的聚类由短果双刺芥（葡糖新橙皮苷）代表。刺状芝麻菜的两个亚种通过其硫代葡萄糖苷图谱得到了很好的区分。低硫代葡萄糖苷物种：细叶双刺芥、柔弱双刺芥、白垩双刺芥、墙生双刺芥（双刺芥亚属）和膀胱芝麻菜，它们都曾被归入甘蓝/油菜谱系，属于七个定义不太明确的聚类，主要区别在于某些成分（萝卜硫苷、葡糖莱普汀、4-羟基葡糖芸苔素、4-苯丁基硫苷、葡糖芥苷和新葡糖芸苔素）的存在/不存在或相对丰度。这些数据支持了先前的分类学研究。富含硫代葡萄糖苷且图谱特征明确的分类单元可能适合工业用途，而可食用的细叶双刺芥和膀胱芝麻菜的变异性可能为园艺类型的育种提供基础。
