Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, PA, Italy.
NBFC-National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 60, 90133 Palermo, PA, Italy.
Molecules. 2024 May 23;29(11):2450. doi: 10.3390/molecules29112450.
This study was aimed at investigating the phytochemical profile and bioactivity of subsp. (Brassicaceae), a species from central-southern Sicily (Italy), where it is consumed as a salad. For this purpose, LC-ESI/HRMS analysis of the ethanolic extract was performed, highlighting the occurrence, along with flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, and oxylipins, of sulfated secondary metabolites, including glucosinolates and various sulfooxy derivatives (e.g., C13 nor-isoprenoids, hydroxyphenyl, and hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives), most of which were never reported before in the Brassicaeae family or in the genus. Following ethnomedicinal information regarding this species used for the treatment of various pathologies such as diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, ethanolic extract was evaluated for its antioxidant potential using different in vitro tests such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), Ferric Reducing Ability Power, and -carotene bleaching tests. The inhibitory activity of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and pancreatic lipase was also assessed. In the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid assay, an IC value comparable to the positive control ascorbic acid (2.87 vs. 1.70 μg/mL, respectively) was obtained. The wild-wall rocket salad extract showed a significant α-amylase inhibitory effect. Obtained results indicate that Sicilian wild-wall rocket contains phytochemicals that can prevent hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and obesity.
本研究旨在调查来自意大利中南部西西里岛（意大利）的亚种（十字花科）的植物化学特征和生物活性，在那里它被用作沙拉食用。为此，对其乙醇提取物进行了 LC-ESI/HRMS 分析，结果表明除了类黄酮、羟基肉桂酸衍生物和氧化脂类外，还存在硫酸盐类次生代谢物，包括硫代葡萄糖苷和各种亚砜衍生物（例如 C13 异戊二烯、羟基苯基和羟基苯甲酸衍生物），其中大部分以前从未在十字花科或属中报道过。根据关于该物种的民族医学信息，该物种用于治疗各种疾病，如糖尿病和高胆固醇血症，使用不同的体外试验评估了乙醇提取物的抗氧化潜力，例如 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼基、2,2'-联氮基-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）、铁还原能力和 -胡萝卜素漂白试验。还评估了碳水化合物水解酶（α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶）和胰脂肪酶的抑制活性。在 2,2'-联氮基-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸测定中，获得了与阳性对照抗坏血酸（分别为 2.87 和 1.70 μg/mL）相当的 IC 值。野生火箭沙拉提取物对α-淀粉酶具有显著的抑制作用。研究结果表明，西西里野生火箭含有可预防高血糖、高血脂和肥胖的植物化学物质。
