Ritsner Michael S, Ratner Yael, Gibel Anatoly, Weizman Ronit
Sha'ar Menashe Mental Health Center, Hadera, Israel; Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
Psychiatry Res. 2007 Dec 3;153(3):217-23. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2006.07.003. Epub 2007 Aug 1.
There is some evidence that emotional reactivity to daily life stress is related to a genetic or familial liability to develop schizophrenia. However, it is unclear whether the emotional distress is elevated in schizophrenia patients with positive compared to negative family history. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that a persistent higher level of emotional distress in schizophrenia subjects is associated with a positive family history of schizophrenia. This study used the Talbieh Brief Distress Inventory (TBDI), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS; including dysphoric mood, positive and negative subscales), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and the Distress Scale for Adverse Symptoms (DSAS) to investigate the difference in the magnitude of emotional distress scores between schizophrenia subjects with and without a positive family history of schizophrenia over time. Data were recorded for 69 multiplex family and 79 singleton patients at admission and about 16 months thereafter. No between-group differences were obtained in PANSS and DSAS scores. With regard to the TBDI: (a) both group of patients had no significant differences in emotional distress scores at admission; (b) patients with negative family history reported improvement in distress severity and depression severity (MADRS) 16 months after admission, while those with positive family history experienced persistent elevated emotional distress, mainly, on obsessiveness, and depression subscales; and (c) both groups of patients are characterized by elevated emotional distress at follow-up examination compared to healthy subjects. Thus, it appears that there is a strong association between positive family history and persistent elevated emotional distress. Because patients with positive and negative family history are likely to differ in genetic risk, our results suggest that long-term elevated levels of emotional distress may be related to a familial (environmental)/genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia.
有证据表明，对日常生活压力的情绪反应与患精神分裂症的遗传或家族易感性有关。然而，尚不清楚与阴性家族史相比，阳性家族史的精神分裂症患者的情绪困扰是否更高。本研究的目的是检验以下假设：精神分裂症患者持续较高水平的情绪困扰与精神分裂症的阳性家族史有关。本研究使用塔尔比耶简短困扰量表（TBDI）、阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS；包括烦躁情绪、阳性和阴性分量表）、蒙哥马利-阿斯伯格抑郁评定量表（MADRS）和不良症状困扰量表（DSAS），来研究有和没有精神分裂症阳性家族史的精神分裂症患者在一段时间内情绪困扰得分的差异程度。记录了69个多重家族患者和79名单发患者入院时及此后约16个月的数据。PANSS和DSAS得分在两组之间未发现差异。关于TBDI：（a）两组患者入院时的情绪困扰得分无显著差异；（b）阴性家族史的患者在入院16个月后报告困扰严重程度和抑郁严重程度（MADRS）有所改善，而阳性家族史的患者情绪困扰持续升高，主要体现在强迫观念和抑郁分量表上；（c）与健康受试者相比，两组患者在随访检查时均表现出情绪困扰升高。因此，阳性家族史与持续升高的情绪困扰之间似乎存在很强的关联。由于阳性和阴性家族史的患者在遗传风险上可能存在差异，我们的结果表明，长期升高的情绪困扰水平可能与精神分裂症的家族（环境）/遗传易感性有关。
