Procop Gary W
Department of Pathology, Jackson Memorial Hospital and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Sep 1;45 Suppl 2:S99-S111. doi: 10.1086/519259.
New and advanced methods of molecular diagnostics are changing the way we practice clinical microbiology, which affects the practice of medicine. Signal amplification and real-time nucleic acid amplification technologies offer a sensitive and specific result with a more rapid turnaround time than has ever before been possible. Numerous methods of postamplification analysis afford the simultaneous detection and differentiation of numerous microbial pathogens, their mechanisms of resistance, and the construction of disease-specific assays. The technical feasibility of these assays has already been demonstrated. How these new, often more expensive tests will be incorporated into routine practice and the impact they will have on patient care remain to be determined. One of the most attractive uses for such techniques is to achieve a more rapid characterization of the infectious agent so that a narrower-spectrum antimicrobial agent may be used, which should have an impact on resistance patterns.
新型先进的分子诊断方法正在改变我们临床微生物学的实践方式，进而影响医学实践。信号放大和实时核酸扩增技术能提供灵敏且特异的结果，周转时间比以往任何时候都更快。多种扩增后分析方法可实现对多种微生物病原体及其耐药机制的同时检测与鉴别，以及构建疾病特异性检测方法。这些检测方法的技术可行性已得到证实。这些通常更为昂贵的新检测方法将如何纳入常规实践以及它们对患者护理的影响仍有待确定。此类技术最具吸引力的用途之一是更快速地鉴定感染病原体，从而可以使用窄谱抗菌药物，这应该会对耐药模式产生影响。
