Vyskocil Frantisek
Fyziologický ustav, Akademie vĕd Ceské republiky, Praha.
Cesk Fysiol. 2006;55(3):111-4.
The effect of atropine and diazepam on the mammalian neuromuscular junction. Nicotinolytic effect of atropine on the neuromuscular junction is discussed as a main mechanism of the beneficial effect of this drug during war and agriculture poisoning by anticholinesterases. Atropine is beneficial as it reduces the amplitude of intracellularly recorded endplate potentials and, first of all, causes a marked shortening of their time course (Beránek, Vyskocil 1968, Magazanik, Vyskocil 1969). Diazepam effectively blocks trains of action potentials in individual rat diaphragm muscle fibers, apparently by elevating the chloride permeability. It is suggested that similar increase in Cl- permeability may occur in brain excitable structures and can counteract the anticholinesterase-induced prolongation of ACh-depolarization that evokes repetitive firing.
阿托品和地西泮对哺乳动物神经肌肉接头的作用。讨论了阿托品对神经肌肉接头的烟碱样作用，这是该药物在战争和农业中抗胆碱酯酶中毒时发挥有益作用的主要机制。阿托品有益，因为它降低了细胞内记录的终板电位的幅度，首先是使其时程显著缩短（贝拉内克、维斯科西尔，1968年；马加扎尼克、维斯科西尔，1969年）。地西泮可有效阻断单个大鼠膈肌纤维的动作电位序列，显然是通过提高氯离子通透性来实现的。有人认为，脑可兴奋结构中可能也会出现类似的氯离子通透性增加，从而抵消抗胆碱酯酶引起的乙酰胆碱去极化延长，后者会引发重复放电。
