Schmitt L, Fouillot J-P, Millet G P, Robach P, Nicolet G, Brugniaux J, Richalet J-P
Recherche et Entraînement, Centre National de Ski Nordique, Les Rousses, France.
Int J Sports Med. 2008 Apr;29(4):300-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-965355. Epub 2007 Aug 9.
We analyzed the relationship between aerobic capacities and changes in heart rate variability (HRV) in Nordic-skiers during living high-training low (Hi-Lo). Eleven skiers trained for 18 days at 1200 m, sleeping at 1200 m (LL, n = 5) or in hypoxic rooms (HL, n = 6, 3 x 6 days at altitudes of 2500 - 3000 - 3500 m, 11 h . day (-1)). Measurements were performed before, during and two weeks after Hi-Lo. VO(2max), peak power output were not improved in HL nor in LL, whereas VO(2) and power at the respiratory compensation point (VO(2RCP) and PRCP) increased by 7.5 % and 5.0 % only in HL. Significant changes in HRV occurred only in LL, in the standing position, including a 30 % (p < 0.05) increase in resting heart rate (HR), a 50 % (p < 0.05) decrease in total spectral power (TP) and a 77 % (p < 0.05) decrease in high frequency activity (HF). When all the subjects were pooled, the changes in HRV in the supine position were correlated to the changes in aerobic capacities, i.e., HF, LF and TP were correlated to VO(2RCP) and HR, HF and TP were correlated to PRCP. This study confirms the relationship between HRV and changes in aerobic capacity, therefore highlighting the potential value of HRV for monitoring altitude training adaptations.
我们分析了北欧滑雪运动员在高住低练（Hi-Lo）期间有氧能力与心率变异性（HRV）变化之间的关系。11名滑雪运动员在海拔1200米处进行了18天的训练，其中5人在海拔1200米处睡眠（LL组），6人在低氧房间睡眠（HL组，在海拔2500 - 3000 - 3500米处各住6天，每天11小时）。在Hi-Lo训练前、训练期间和训练后两周进行测量。HL组和LL组的最大摄氧量（VO₂max）、峰值功率输出均未提高，而仅HL组的摄氧量（VO₂）和呼吸补偿点处的功率（VO₂RCP和PRCP）分别增加了7.5%和5.0%。仅在LL组的站立位，HRV出现了显著变化，包括静息心率（HR）增加30%（p < 0.05）、总谱功率（TP）降低50%（p < 0.05）以及高频活动（HF）降低77%（p < 0.05）。当将所有受试者合并分析时，仰卧位HRV的变化与有氧能力的变化相关，即HF、LF和TP与VO₂RCP和HR相关，HF和TP与PRCP相关。本研究证实了HRV与有氧能力变化之间的关系，因此突出了HRV在监测高原训练适应性方面的潜在价值。
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