Guilamo-Ramos Vincent, Jaccard James, Dittus Patricia, Bouris Alida, Holloway Ian, Casillas Eileen
School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2007 Aug;34(1):56-66. doi: 10.1007/BF02879921.
The incidence and prevalence of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections among American adolescents remain unacceptably high.
This research examines adolescent intentions to have sexual intercourse, their expectancies about having sexual intercourse, and maternal communication about the expectancies of engaging in sexual intercourse.
Six hundred sixty-eight randomly selected inner-city middle school students and their mothers completed self-administered questionnaires. Adolescents reported their intentions to have sexual intercourse and the perceived positive and negative expectancies of doing so. Both mothers and adolescents reported on the frequency of communication about these expectancies.
Boys reported higher intentions, more positive expectancies, and lower levels of maternal communication than did girls. Expectancies statistically significantly associated with intentions focused on the positive physical, social, and emotional advantages of having sex rather than on concerns about pregnancy and HIV/AIDS. With some exceptions, maternal communication was associated with adolescents expectancies about engaging in sexual intercourse. However, only modest correlations between maternal and adolescent reports of communication were observed.
Results indicate that intervention programs should address the positive expectancies youth have about having sex, not just the threat of pregnancy and HIV/AIDS, and should address potential gender differences in expectancies between boys and girls.
美国青少年中怀孕和性传播感染的发病率及流行率仍然高得令人无法接受。
本研究考察青少年发生性行为的意图、他们对发生性行为的预期以及母亲关于进行性行为预期的沟通情况。
668名随机抽取的市中心区中学生及其母亲完成了自填式问卷。青少年报告了他们发生性行为的意图以及这样做所感知到的积极和消极预期。母亲和青少年都报告了关于这些预期的沟通频率。
与女孩相比，男孩报告的意图更高、积极预期更多且母亲沟通水平更低。与意图在统计学上显著相关的预期集中在性行为带来的积极身体、社会和情感优势上，而非对怀孕和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的担忧。除了一些例外情况，母亲的沟通与青少年关于进行性行为的预期相关。然而，母亲和青少年报告的沟通之间仅观察到适度的相关性。
结果表明，干预项目应解决青少年对性行为的积极预期，而不仅仅是怀孕和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的威胁，并且应解决男孩和女孩在预期方面潜在的性别差异。
