Mora Pablo A, Halm Ethan, Leventhal Howard, Ceric Francisco
Institute for Health Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick 08901-1293, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2007 Aug;34(1):77-86. doi: 10.1007/BF02879923.
More than 20 years of research confirm a positive association of trait negative affect (NA) with reports of physical symptoms. As the mechanisms underlying the association of trait NA and symptom reporting have not been identified, the meaning of the association remains unclear.
We attempted to clarify the processes underlying this association by examining the relationship of trait NA and illness-specific worry to both vague, general symptoms and illness-specific symptoms. We tested the hypothesis that trait NA has both a "biasing" effect when ambiguous symptoms are interpreted as a sign of physical illness and an "accuracy" effect on the reports of illness-specific symptoms mediated by illness-specific worry.
We examined the relationship of trait and state NA to symptoms reports in both cross-sectional and longitudinal data from inner-city adults with moderate and severe asthma.
Whereas high levels of trait NA were associated with reports of both asthma and nonasthma symptoms, only the relationship of trait NA to symptoms specific to asthma was mediated by asthma worry. In addition, these data showed that trait NA was not associated with the misattribution of symptoms to disease.
We concluded that NA motivates individuals, through asthma worry, to be more aware of illness-specific symptoms and correctly report and attribute these symptoms to asthma.
20 多年的研究证实，特质负性情绪（NA）与身体症状报告之间存在正相关。由于特质 NA 与症状报告之间关联的潜在机制尚未明确，这种关联的意义仍不清楚。
我们试图通过研究特质 NA 和特定疾病担忧与模糊的一般症状以及特定疾病症状之间的关系，来阐明这种关联背后的过程。我们检验了这样一个假设，即当模糊症状被解释为身体疾病的迹象时，特质 NA 具有“偏差”效应，并且通过特定疾病担忧对特定疾病症状报告具有“准确性”效应。
我们在来自患有中度和重度哮喘的市中心成年人的横断面和纵向数据中，研究了特质和状态 NA 与症状报告之间的关系。
虽然高水平的特质 NA 与哮喘和非哮喘症状的报告都有关联，但只有特质 NA 与哮喘特定症状之间的关系是由哮喘担忧介导的。此外，这些数据表明特质 NA 与症状对疾病的错误归因无关。
我们得出结论，NA 通过哮喘担忧促使个体更加关注特定疾病症状，并正确报告这些症状并将其归因于哮喘。
