Donald Paul F, Sanderson Fiona J, Burfield Ian J, Bierman Stijn M, Gregory Richard D, Waliczky Zoltan
Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire SG19 2DL, UK.
Science. 2007 Aug 10;317(5839):810-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1146002.
Conservation of the planet's biodiversity will depend on international policy intervention, yet evidence-based assessment of the success of such intervention is lacking. Poor understanding of the effectiveness of international policy instruments exposes them to criticism or abandonment and reduces opportunities to improve them. Comparative analyses of population trends provide strong evidence for a positive impact of one such instrument, the European Union's Birds Directive, and we identify positive associations between the rate of provision of certain conservation measures through the directive and the response of bird populations. The results suggest that supranational conservation policy can bring measurable conservation benefits, although future assessments will require the setting of quantitative objectives and an increase in the availability of data from monitoring schemes.
地球生物多样性的保护将依赖于国际政策干预，但目前缺乏对这种干预成效的循证评估。对国际政策工具有效性的理解不足，使它们容易受到批评或被弃用，从而减少了改进的机会。对种群趋势的比较分析为一项此类工具——欧盟的《鸟类指令》的积极影响提供了有力证据，并且我们确定了通过该指令提供某些保护措施的速率与鸟类种群反应之间的正相关关系。结果表明，超国家保护政策能够带来可衡量的保护效益，尽管未来的评估将需要设定量化目标，并增加监测计划数据的可得性。
