Huang Liqiang, Treisman Anne, Pashler Harold
Center for the Study of Brain, Mind, and Behavior, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Science. 2007 Aug 10;317(5839):823-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1143515.
Momentary awareness of a visual scene is very limited; however, this limitation has not been formally characterized. We test the hypothesis that awareness reflects a surprisingly impoverished data structure called a labeled Boolean map, defined as a linkage of just one feature value per dimension (for example, the color is green and the motion is rightward) with a spatial pattern. Features compete with each other, whereas multiple locations form a spatial pattern and thus do not compete. Perception of the colors of two objects was significantly improved by successive compared with simultaneous presentation, whereas perception of their locations was not. Moreover, advance information about which objects are relevant aided perception of colors much more than perception of locations. Both results support the Boolean map hypothesis.
对视觉场景的瞬间感知非常有限；然而，这种局限性尚未得到正式描述。我们检验了这样一种假设，即意识反映了一种令人惊讶的、信息匮乏的数据结构，称为标记布尔地图，它被定义为每个维度仅一个特征值（例如，颜色为绿色且运动方向为向右）与一种空间模式的联系。特征之间相互竞争，而多个位置形成一种空间模式，因此不会相互竞争。与同时呈现相比，相继呈现两个物体的颜色时，对其颜色的感知有显著改善，而对其位置的感知则没有。此外，关于哪些物体相关的预先信息对颜色感知的帮助远大于对位置感知的帮助。这两个结果都支持布尔地图假设。
