School of Psychology, Speech, and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
J Vis. 2022 Jul 11;22(8):9. doi: 10.1167/jov.22.8.9.
A growing body of research indicates that the limit in instant conscious awareness, or the unit of access, for some object features such as color, orientation, and direction of motion is more than one. In four experiments we explored the roles of processing efficiency and selection history in shape perception. Two targets, which were geometric shapes (less efficient) or alphabet letters (more efficient), were shown simultaneously or sequentially. The task was to judge whether a test probe matched one of the targets. In different experiments, the two types of trials were presented in separate blocks, interleaved couplets, or randomly within the same block during testing but regrouped in data analyses such that the same type of trials was either repeated or not repeated. Accuracy was higher in the sequential than simultaneous trials for geometric shapes, but not for upright letters, when the same trial type was blocked or in the repeated condition. These results suggest that processing efficiency and selection history both play a role in the unit of access in shape perception. They also underscore the flexibility of the visual system, which uses different factors to maximize conscious visual perception at a given time.
越来越多的研究表明，对于某些物体特征（如颜色、方向和运动方向）的即时意识感知限制或访问单位超过一个。在四项实验中，我们探讨了加工效率和选择历史在形状感知中的作用。两个目标，分别是几何形状（效率较低）或字母（效率较高），同时或依次显示。任务是判断测试探针是否与其中一个目标匹配。在不同的实验中，两种类型的试验分别在单独的块、成对的交替块或在测试时随机地在同一个块中呈现，但在数据分析中重新分组，使得相同类型的试验重复或不重复。当相同的试验类型被分组或在重复条件下时，对于几何形状，顺序试验比同时试验的准确性更高，但对于垂直字母则不然。这些结果表明，加工效率和选择历史在形状感知的访问单位中都起着作用。它们还强调了视觉系统的灵活性，该系统在给定时间内使用不同的因素来最大化意识视觉感知。
