Ersche Karen D, Sahakian Barbara J
School of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Brain Mapping Unit, Box 255, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
Neuropsychol Rev. 2007 Sep;17(3):317-36. doi: 10.1007/s11065-007-9033-y. Epub 2007 Aug 10.
Chronic use of amphetamines and/or opiates has been associated with a wide range of cognitive deficits, involving domains of attention, inhibitory control, planning, decision-making, learning and memory. Although both amphetamine and opiate users show marked impairment in various aspects of cognitive function, the impairment profile is distinctly different according to the substance of abuse. In light of evidence showing that cognitive impairment in drug users has a negative impact on treatment engagement and efficacy, we review substance-specific deficits on executive and memory function, and discuss possibilities to address these during treatment intervention.
长期使用苯丙胺和/或阿片类药物与广泛的认知缺陷有关，涉及注意力、抑制控制、计划、决策、学习和记忆等领域。虽然苯丙胺和阿片类药物使用者在认知功能的各个方面都表现出明显受损，但根据滥用的物质不同，受损情况明显不同。鉴于有证据表明吸毒者的认知障碍对治疗参与度和疗效有负面影响，我们回顾了特定物质在执行功能和记忆功能方面的缺陷，并讨论了在治疗干预期间解决这些问题的可能性。
