Williams Alishia D, Moulds Michelle L
School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Behav Res Ther. 2007 Nov;45(11):2780-8. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2007.07.001. Epub 2007 Jul 13.
Within the thought control literature, Wegner [(1989). White bears and other unwanted thoughts: Suppression, obsession, and the psychology of mental control. New York, NY, USA: Penguin Press.] referred to the combined initial suppression and expression phases of thought control as an indulgence cycle which results in the rebound effect typically observed in suppression studies. According to Ironic Process Theory [Wegner, (1994). Ironic processes of mental control. Psychological Review, 101, 34-52.], this rebound leads to further attempts to suppress that are difficult due to the target thought's hyperaccessibility, resulting in a secondary rebound effect owing to a positive feedback system of indulgence cycles. The current study investigated (i) the effects of repeated suppression and opportunities for expression by using a method to index the frequency, duration, and associated levels of distress of an experimentally induced visual intrusion, and (ii) whether any observed effects were differentially linked to depressive symptomatology in an analogue sample of low and high dysphoric participants. Results supported a secondary rebound effect in those participants most successful at suppressing target intrusions. The findings offer an important extension to the emerging literature on the management of intrusive memories in depression.
在思想控制文献中，韦格纳[（1989年）。《白熊与其他 unwanted 想法：抑制、强迫观念与心理控制心理学》。美国纽约：企鹅出版社。]将思想控制的初始抑制和表达阶段的结合称为放纵循环，这会导致在抑制研究中通常观察到的反弹效应。根据反讽过程理论[韦格纳，（1994年）。心理控制的反讽过程。《心理学评论》，101，34 - 52。]，这种反弹会导致进一步抑制的尝试，由于目标想法的高度可及性，这些尝试很困难，从而由于放纵循环的正反馈系统导致二次反弹效应。本研究调查了：（i）通过使用一种方法来索引实验诱导的视觉侵入的频率、持续时间和相关痛苦程度，重复抑制和表达机会的影响；（ii）在低烦躁和高烦躁参与者的模拟样本中，任何观察到的效应是否与抑郁症状有不同的关联。结果支持了在最成功抑制目标侵入的参与者中存在二次反弹效应。这些发现为关于抑郁症中侵入性记忆管理的新兴文献提供了重要扩展。
