Marcks Brook A, Woods Douglas W
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2005 Apr;43(4):433-45. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2004.03.005.
Research suggests that suppressing unwanted thoughts is not possible, leads to a subsequent increase in frequency of the suppressed thoughts, and results in higher levels of distress. Because thought suppression may have negative effects, an alternative, acceptance-based approach has been proposed. The current paper reports the outcomes of two studies. Study I examined the relationships between two naturally occurring strategies of thought management (thought suppression and acceptance), symptoms of psychopathology, and experiences with personally relevant intrusive thoughts. Results showed that those who naturally suppress personally relevant intrusive thoughts have more, are more distressed by, and have a greater "urge to do something" about the thoughts, while those who are naturally more accepting of their intrusive thoughts are less obsessional, have lower levels of depression, and are less anxious. Study II compared three groups (thought suppression, acceptance, and monitor-only groups) on the frequency and distress associated with experiencing personally relevant intrusive thoughts. Results revealed that those instructed to suppress their personal intrusive thoughts were unable to do so and experienced an increased level of distress after suppression, whereas those instructed to use an acceptance-based strategy experienced a decrease in discomfort level (but not thought frequency) after having used such a strategy. These data offer initial evidence that acceptance may be a useful alternative to the suppression of personally relevant intrusive thoughts.
研究表明，抑制 unwanted thoughts 是不可能的，会导致被抑制 thoughts 的频率随后增加，并导致更高程度的痛苦。由于思想抑制可能有负面影响，因此提出了一种基于接纳的替代方法。本文报告了两项研究的结果。研究一考察了两种自然出现的思想管理策略（思想抑制和接纳）、精神病理学症状以及与个人相关的侵入性 thoughts 的经历之间的关系。结果表明，那些自然抑制与个人相关的侵入性 thoughts 的人，这些 thoughts 更多，对其更感到痛苦，并且对这些 thoughts 有更大的“想要做点什么的冲动”，而那些自然更能接纳自己侵入性 thoughts 的人，强迫观念更少，抑郁程度更低，焦虑程度也更低。研究二比较了三组（思想抑制组、接纳组和仅监测组）在与经历个人相关的侵入性 thoughts 相关的频率和痛苦方面的情况。结果显示，那些被指示抑制个人侵入性 thoughts 的人无法做到这一点，并且在抑制后痛苦程度增加，而那些被指示使用基于接纳策略的人在使用该策略后不适程度有所降低（但思想频率没有降低）。这些数据提供了初步证据，表明接纳可能是抑制与个人相关的侵入性 thoughts 的一种有用替代方法。
