Shaw William C, Richmond Stephen, Kenealy Pamela M, Kingdon Anne, Worthington Helen
School of Dentistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007 Aug;132(2):146-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.04.009.
Despite the widespread expectation that orthodontic treatment improves psychological well-being and self-esteem, there is little objective evidence to support this. The aim of this study was to compare the dental and psychosocial status of people who received, or did not receive, orthodontic treatment as teenagers.
A prospective longitudinal cohort design was adopted. A multidisciplinary research team evaluated 1018 participants, aged 11 to 12 years, in 1981. Extensive assessments of dental health and psychosocial well-being were conducted; facial and dental photographs and plaster casts of dentition were obtained and rated for attractiveness and pretreatment need. No recommendations about orthodontic treatment were made, and an observational approach was adopted. At the third follow-up, 337 subjects (30-31 years old) were reexamined in 2001. One-way ANOVA was used to explore differences between the 4 groups (need/no need; treatment/no treatment).
The percentage changes in index of complexity, outcome and need scores for the 4 groups were need/no treatment (12.7%), no need/no treatment (-17.1%), need/treatment (31%), and no need/treatment (-11.4%). Participants with a prior need for orthodontic treatment as children who obtained treatment had better tooth alignment and satisfaction. However, when self-esteem at baseline was controlled for, orthodontic treatment had little positive impact on psychological health and quality of life in adulthood.
Lack of orthodontic treatment when there was need did not lead to psychological difficulties in later life.
尽管人们普遍期望正畸治疗能改善心理健康和自尊，但几乎没有客观证据支持这一点。本研究的目的是比较青少年时期接受或未接受正畸治疗的人群的牙齿和心理社会状况。
采用前瞻性纵向队列设计。1981年，一个多学科研究团队对1018名年龄在11至12岁的参与者进行了评估。对牙齿健康和心理社会幸福感进行了广泛评估；获取了面部和牙齿照片以及牙列石膏模型，并对其美观度和治疗前需求进行了评分。未给出关于正畸治疗的建议，采用观察性方法。在第三次随访时，于2001年对337名受试者（30 - 31岁）进行了重新检查。采用单因素方差分析来探讨四组（有需求/无需求；接受治疗/未接受治疗）之间的差异。
四组的复杂性、结果和需求指数得分的百分比变化分别为：有需求/未接受治疗（12.7%）、无需求/未接受治疗（-17.1%）、有需求/接受治疗（31%）和无需求/接受治疗（-11.4%）。儿童时期有正畸治疗需求且接受了治疗的参与者牙齿排列更好且满意度更高。然而，在控制基线自尊水平后，正畸治疗对成年后的心理健康和生活质量几乎没有积极影响。
有需求时未进行正畸治疗并不会导致后期生活出现心理问题。
