Taylor Kelly Ryan, Kiyak Asuman, Huang Greg J, Greenlee Geoffrey M, Jolley Cameron J, King Gregory J
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009 Sep;136(3):382-92. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.04.022.
The relationship between malocclusion and quality of life (QoL) is complex and not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine whether malocclusion and its treatment influence an adolescent's general and oral health-related QoL.
An observational, cross-sectional design with a longitudinal component was used. Clinical and self-reported data were collected from 293 participants aged 11 to 14. The children were recruited from orthodontic and pediatric dental clinics at the University of Washington and a community health clinic in Seattle. The participants were classified into precomprehensive orthodontic (n = 93), postinterceptive orthodontic (n = 44), and nonorthodontic comparison (n = 156) groups. Assessments of dental esthetics and occlusion were evaluated with the Index of Complexity, Outcome, and Need. Three QoL questionnaires were completed: Youth Quality of Life to assess general QoL, Children's Oral Health-Related Quality of Life to assess oral health QoL, and Treatment Expectations and Experiences to evaluate participants' expectations for changes in specific aspects of their lives. Nonparametric tests were used for all analyses.
In general, overall and oral health QoL were high in this population. The instruments were correlated so that when oral health QoL improved, so did general QoL. No differences were found in these measurements between the university and community health clinics. Nor were there differences between the 3 study groups on general QoL and oral health QoL. There was little effect of malocclusion complexity on any QoL measure. Both preorthodontic and postorthodontic participants expected improvements in their health, oral function, appearance, and social well-being after orthodontic treatment; the postinterceptive sample's posttreatment experiences were consistent with their pretreatment expectations in all domains.
Malocclusion and orthodontic treatment do not appear to affect general or oral health QoL to a measurable degree, despite subjective and objective evidence for improved appearance, oral function, health, and social well-being.
错颌畸形与生活质量（QoL）之间的关系复杂且尚未得到充分理解。本研究的目的是确定错颌畸形及其治疗是否会影响青少年的总体和口腔健康相关生活质量。
采用带有纵向成分的观察性横断面设计。收集了293名年龄在11至14岁参与者的临床和自我报告数据。这些儿童是从华盛顿大学的正畸和儿童牙科诊所以及西雅图的一家社区健康诊所招募的。参与者被分为综合正畸治疗前（n = 93）、阻断性正畸治疗后（n = 44）和非正畸对照（n = 156）组。使用复杂性、结果和需求指数评估牙齿美观和咬合情况。完成了三份生活质量问卷：青少年生活质量问卷以评估总体生活质量，儿童口腔健康相关生活质量问卷以评估口腔健康生活质量，以及治疗期望与体验问卷以评估参与者对其生活特定方面变化的期望。所有分析均使用非参数检验。
总体而言，该人群的总体和口腔健康生活质量较高。这些工具相互关联，因此当口腔健康生活质量提高时，总体生活质量也会提高。在大学诊所和社区健康诊所之间，这些测量结果没有差异。三个研究组在总体生活质量和口腔健康生活质量方面也没有差异。错颌畸形的复杂性对任何生活质量指标的影响都很小。正畸治疗前和治疗后的参与者都期望正畸治疗后他们的健康、口腔功能、外貌和社会幸福感会有所改善；阻断性正畸治疗后样本的治疗后体验在所有领域都与治疗前的期望一致。
尽管有错颌畸形改善外貌、口腔功能、健康和社会幸福感的主观和客观证据，但错颌畸形和正畸治疗似乎并未在可测量的程度上影响总体或口腔健康生活质量。
