Shen Horng-Der, Tam Ming F, Tang Ren-Bin, Chou Hong
Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Shih-Pai, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2007 Sep;7(5):351-6. doi: 10.1007/s11882-007-0053-8.
Penicillium and Aspergillus species are prevalent airborne fungi. It is imperative to identify and characterize their major allergens. Alkaline and/or vacuolar serine proteases are major allergens of several prevalent Penicillium and Aspergillus species. They are also major immunoglobulin (Ig) E-reacting components of the most prevalent airborne yeast, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and the most prevalent Cladosporium species, C. cladosporioides. IgE cross-reactivity has been detected among these major pan-fungal serine protease allergens. In addition, the alkaline serine protease of P. chrysogenum (Pen ch 13) induces histamine release from basophils of asthmatic patients, degrades the tight junction protein occludin, and stimulates release of proinflammatory mediators from human bronchial epithelial cells. In addition to induction of IgE and inflammatory airway responses, the alkaline serine protease allergen of A. fumigatus (Asp f 13) has synergistic effects on Asp f 2-induced immune response in mice. Studies of these serine protease major allergens elucidate the diverse allergic disease mechanisms and facilitate the development of better therapeutic strategies.
青霉属和曲霉属是常见的空气传播真菌。识别并表征它们的主要过敏原至关重要。碱性和/或液泡丝氨酸蛋白酶是几种常见青霉属和曲霉属物种的主要过敏原。它们也是最常见的空气传播酵母粘红酵母和最常见的枝孢属物种枝孢霉中主要的免疫球蛋白（Ig）E反应成分。在这些主要的泛真菌丝氨酸蛋白酶过敏原之间已检测到IgE交叉反应性。此外，产黄青霉的碱性丝氨酸蛋白酶（Pen ch 13）可诱导哮喘患者嗜碱性粒细胞释放组胺，降解紧密连接蛋白闭合蛋白，并刺激人支气管上皮细胞释放促炎介质。除了诱导IgE和气道炎症反应外，烟曲霉的碱性丝氨酸蛋白酶过敏原（Asp f 13）对小鼠中Asp f 2诱导的免疫反应具有协同作用。对这些丝氨酸蛋白酶主要过敏原的研究阐明了多种过敏性疾病机制，并有助于开发更好的治疗策略。
