Caraballo Luis, Valenta Rudolf, Puerta Leonardo, Pomés Anna, Zakzuk Josefina, Fernandez-Caldas Enrique, Acevedo Nathalie, Sanchez-Borges Mario, Ansotegui Ignacio, Zhang Luo, van Hage Marianne, Abel-Fernández Eva, Karla Arruda L, Vrtala Susanne, Curin Mirela, Gronlund Hans, Karsonova Antonina, Kilimajer Jonathan, Riabova Ksenja, Trifonova Daria, Karaulov Alexander
Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia.
Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
World Allergy Organ J. 2020 Apr 29;13(5):100118. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100118. eCollection 2020 May.
A large number of allergens have been discovered but we know little about their potential to induce inflammation (allergenic activity) and symptoms. Nowadays, the clinical importance of allergens is determined by the frequency and intensity of their IgE antibody binding (allergenicity). This is a rather limited parameter considering the development of experimental allergology in the last 20 years and the criteria that support personalized medicine. Now it is known that some allergens, in addition to their IgE antibody binding properties, can induce inflammation through non IgE mediated pathways, which can increase their allergenic activity. There are several ways to evaluate the allergenic activity, among them the provocation tests, the demonstration of non-IgE mediated pathways of inflammation, case control studies of IgE-binding frequencies, and animal models of respiratory allergy. In this review we have explored the current status of basic and clinical research on allergenic activity of indoor allergens and confirm that, for most of them, this important property has not been investigated. However, during recent years important advances have been made in the field, and we conclude that for at least the following, allergenic activity has been demonstrated: Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 5 and Blo t 5 from HDMs; Per a 10 from ; Asp f 1, Asp f 2, Asp f 3, Asp f 4 and Asp f 6 from ; Mala s 8 and Mala s 13 from ; Alt a 1 from ; Pen c 13 from ; Fel d 1 from cats; Can f 1, Can f 2, Can f 3, Can f 4 and Can f 5 from dogs; Mus m 1 from mice and Bos d 2 from cows. Defining the allergenic activity of other indoor IgE antibody binding molecules is necessary for a precision-medicine-oriented management of allergic diseases.
大量过敏原已被发现，但我们对它们诱发炎症（过敏活性）和症状的潜力知之甚少。如今，过敏原的临床重要性由其IgE抗体结合的频率和强度（致敏性）决定。考虑到过去20年实验变态反应学的发展以及支持个性化医疗的标准，这是一个相当有限的参数。现在已知一些过敏原，除了具有IgE抗体结合特性外，还可通过非IgE介导的途径诱发炎症，这会增加它们的过敏活性。有几种评估过敏活性的方法，其中包括激发试验、非IgE介导的炎症途径的证明、IgE结合频率的病例对照研究以及呼吸道过敏的动物模型。在本综述中，我们探讨了室内过敏原过敏活性的基础和临床研究现状，并确认对于大多数室内过敏原而言，这一重要特性尚未得到研究。然而，近年来该领域已取得重要进展，我们得出结论，至少对于以下过敏原，其过敏活性已得到证实：屋尘螨中的Der p 1、Der p 2、Der p 5和Blo t 5；[此处信息缺失]中的Per a 10；[此处信息缺失]中的Asp f 1、Asp f 2、Asp f 3、Asp f 4和Asp f 6；[此处信息缺失]中的Mala s 8和Mala s 13；[此处信息缺失]中的Alt a 1；[此处信息缺失]中的Pen c 13；猫中的Fel d 1；狗中的Can f 1、Can f 2、Can f 3、Can f 4和Can f 5；小鼠中的Mus m 1和牛中的Bos d 2。明确其他室内IgE抗体结合分子的过敏活性对于以精准医疗为导向的过敏性疾病管理至关重要。
