Sofian Masomeh, Aghakhani Arezoo, Velayati Ali Akbar, Banifazl Mohammad, Eslamifar Ali, Ramezani Amitis
Arak Medical University, Arak, Iran.
Int J Infect Dis. 2008 Mar;12(2):157-61. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2007.04.019. Epub 2007 Aug 14.
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of worldwide distribution. Despite its control in many countries, it remains endemic in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for brucellosis acquisition in the central province of Iran.
A matched case-control study was conducted in the central part of Iran. A total of 300 subjects (150 cases and 150 controls) were enrolled in the investigation. Brucellosis cases were defined on the basis of epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory criteria. Subjects were interviewed using a questionnaire to obtain risk factor information. We used odds ratios and conditional logistic regression models to explore the association between the disease and the variables studied.
Significant risk factors for infection were related to the existence of another case of brucellosis in the home (OR=7.55, p=0.0001) and consumption of unpasteurized dairy products (OR=3.7, p=0.014). Keeping cattle and cattle vaccination were also important risk factors.
Pasteurization of dairy products and education regarding fresh cheese must be pursued for eradication of brucellosis. A major risk factor for acquiring brucellosis is the existence of another infected family member. Therefore screening family members of an index case of brucellosis may lead to the detection of additional cases.
布鲁氏菌病是一种在全球范围内传播的人畜共患病。尽管在许多国家已得到控制，但在伊朗仍为地方病。本研究的目的是确定伊朗中部省份布鲁氏菌病感染的危险因素。
在伊朗中部开展了一项匹配病例对照研究。共有300名受试者（150例病例和150名对照）纳入调查。布鲁氏菌病病例根据流行病学、临床和实验室标准进行定义。通过问卷调查对受试者进行访谈以获取危险因素信息。我们使用比值比和条件逻辑回归模型来探讨该疾病与所研究变量之间的关联。
感染的重要危险因素与家中存在另一例布鲁氏菌病病例（比值比=7.55，p=0.0001）以及食用未巴氏杀菌的乳制品（比值比=3.7，p=0.014）有关。饲养牛和给牛接种疫苗也是重要危险因素。
为根除布鲁氏菌病，必须推行乳制品巴氏杀菌法并开展关于新鲜奶酪的教育。感染布鲁氏菌病的一个主要危险因素是存在另一名受感染家庭成员。因此，对布鲁氏菌病索引病例的家庭成员进行筛查可能会发现更多病例。
