Cho Yang Seok, Proctor Robert W
Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2007 Sep;33(5):832-42. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.33.5.832.
When classifying numbers as odd or even with left-right keypresses, performance is better with the mapping even-right/odd-left than with the opposite mapping. This linguistic markedness association of response codes (MARC) effect has been attributed to compatibility between the linguistic markedness of stimulus and response codes. In 2 experiments participants made keypresses to the Arabic numerals or number words 3, 4, 8, and 9 using the odd-even parity rule or a multiple-of-3 rule, which yield the same keypress response for each stimulus. For both stimulus modes, the MARC effect was obtained with the odd-even rule, but tended to reverse with the multiple-of-3 rule. The reversal was complete for the right response, but task rule had little influence on the left response. The results are consistent with the view that the MARC effect and its reversal are caused by correspondence of the stimulus code designated as positive by the task rule with the positive-polarity right response code.
当通过左右按键将数字分类为奇数或偶数时，采用偶数-右/奇数-左的映射方式比相反的映射方式表现更好。这种反应编码的语言标记性关联（MARC）效应被归因于刺激和反应编码的语言标记性之间的兼容性。在两项实验中，参与者根据奇数-偶数奇偶规则或3的倍数规则，对阿拉伯数字或数字单词3、4、8和9进行按键操作，这两种规则对每个刺激产生相同的按键反应。对于两种刺激模式，使用奇数-偶数规则都能获得MARC效应，但使用3的倍数规则时该效应往往会反转。对于右侧反应，反转是完全的，但任务规则对左侧反应影响很小。这些结果与以下观点一致，即MARC效应及其反转是由任务规则指定为正的刺激编码与正极性右侧反应编码的对应关系所导致的。
