Ostergaard J R
Department of Pediatrics A, Arhus Kommunehospital, University of Arhus, Denmark.
Br J Neurosurg. 1991;5(6):575-80. doi: 10.3109/02688699109002879.
Intracranial saccular aneurysms in childhood are rare neurosurgical lesions, occurring in 1-3% of large epidemiological aneurysm series. Analysis of previous reports indicates several distinct characteristics of this entity. First, there is a predominant male:female ratio approaching 2:1. Second, a disproportionately high number of these aneurysms arise at peripheral locations on the arterial tree. Third, approximately half of them are large or even giant aneurysms. These identifiable characteristics suggest that aneurysms in the younger age group may be a distinct pathophysiological entity from aneurysm in the adult population. In adults, epidemiological evidence indicates that 'acquired' factors such as hypertension, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and oral contraceptive use together with 'intrinsic' or 'vascular' factors are causally related to the formation and rupture of cerebral aneurysms. Inherently, some of the 'acquired' factors must be of minor importance in aneurysm formation and rupture in childhood, whereas the 'intrinsic' factors may have a greater importance.
儿童颅内囊状动脉瘤是罕见的神经外科病变，在大型流行病学动脉瘤系列中发生率为1% - 3%。对既往报告的分析表明该疾病有几个明显特征。首先，男女比例占优，接近2:1。其次，这些动脉瘤在动脉树外周位置出现的比例过高。第三，其中约一半为大型甚至巨型动脉瘤。这些可识别的特征表明，较年轻年龄组的动脉瘤可能与成年人群中的动脉瘤在病理生理实体上有所不同。在成年人中，流行病学证据表明，诸如高血压、吸烟、饮酒和使用口服避孕药等“后天性”因素，与“内在性”或“血管性”因素共同与脑动脉瘤的形成和破裂存在因果关系。本质上，一些“后天性”因素在儿童动脉瘤形成和破裂中必然不太重要，而“内在性”因素可能更为重要。
