Science. 1983 Jun 24;220(4604):1377-9. doi: 10.1126/science.220.4604.1377.
The eruptions of El Chichón volcano on 28 March and 3 and 4 April 1982 were observed by the Nimbus 7 total ozone mapping spectrometer due to strong absorption by volcanic gases at the shortest wavelengths of the spectrometer (312.5 and 317.5 nanometers). These ultraviolet pictures permit a measurement of the volume, dispersion, and drift of volcanic gas clouds. The tropospheric clouds were rapidly dispersed in westerly winds while persistent stratospheric clouds drifted in easterly winds at speeds up to 13 meters per second. The spectral reflectance is consistent with sulfur dioxide absorption and rules out carbon disulfide as a major constituent. A preliminary estimate of the mass of sulfur dioxide deposited in the stratosphere by the large eruptions on 3 and 4 April is 3.3 x 10(6) tons. Prior estimates of volcanic cloud volume were based on extrapolation of locally measured sulfur dioxide concentrations.
1982 年 3 月 28 日、3 月 3 日和 4 日，尼姆巴克斯 7 号卫星的总臭氧测绘光谱仪观测到埃尔奇琼火山的喷发，这是由于火山气体在光谱仪最短波长（312.5 和 317.5 纳米）处的强烈吸收。这些紫外线图片可以测量火山气体云的体积、分散和漂移。对流层云在西风的作用下迅速分散，而持续的平流层云则在东风的作用下以高达 13 米/秒的速度漂移。光谱反射率与二氧化硫吸收一致，排除了二硫化碳作为主要成分的可能性。对 3 月 3 日和 4 日大规模喷发事件中二氧化硫在平流层中沉积量的初步估计为 3.3×10^6 吨。先前对火山云体积的估计是基于对当地测量的二氧化硫浓度的外推。
