Yardley L
Medical Research Council Human Movement and Balance Unit, National Hospital, London, UK.
Br J Audiol. 1991 Dec;25(6):405-13. doi: 10.3109/03005369109076616.
Current theoretical issues central to the understanding of pathological disorientation (vertigo) are addressed through a critical review of research into perceptual disorientation in healthy subjects (motion sickness). Investigations inspired by the 'sensory conflict' model of orientation perception typically paid insufficient attention to higher-order meaningful properties of the environment, purposive activity, and individual differences in sensorimotor experience and skill. These factors are incorporated into an alternative 'active perception' approach, which characterizes perception of orientation as arising from interactions between intra-individual variables and the perceptual properties and sensorimotor demands of the environments encountered. It follows that vertigo is a form of disability which can only be properly assessed in the broader context of a range of relevant attributes of the patient, and his or her activities and environment. Analysis of the principles governing responses to disorienting conditions identifies several factors relevant to the assessment and rehabilitation of vertiginous patients.
通过对健康受试者感知性定向障碍（晕动病）研究的批判性回顾，探讨了当前对于理解病理性定向障碍（眩晕）至关重要的理论问题。受定向感知“感觉冲突”模型启发的研究通常对环境的高阶有意义属性、目的性活动以及感觉运动经验和技能的个体差异关注不足。这些因素被纳入一种替代性的“主动感知”方法中，该方法将定向感知描述为个体内部变量与所遇到环境的感知属性和感觉运动需求之间相互作用的结果。由此可见，眩晕是一种残疾形式，只有在更广泛的患者相关属性、其活动和环境范围内才能得到恰当评估。对应对定向障碍状况的原则进行分析，确定了几个与眩晕患者评估和康复相关的因素。
