Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology, School for Social Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.
Semin Neurol. 2020 Feb;40(1):116-129. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1701653. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
Environmental circumstances that result in ambiguity or conflict with the patterns of sensory stimulation may adversely affect the vestibular system. The effect of this conflict in sensory information may be dizziness, a sense of imbalance, nausea, and motion sickness sometimes even to seemingly minor daily head movement activities. In some, it is not only exposure to motion but also the observation of objects in motion around them such as in supermarket aisles or other places with visual commotion; this can lead to dizziness, nausea, or a feeling of motion sickness that is referred to as . All people with normal vestibular function can be made to experience motion sickness, although individual susceptibility varies widely and is at least partially heritable. Motorists learn to interpret sensory stimuli in the context of the car stabilized by its suspension and guided by steering. A type of motorist's disorientation occurs in some individuals who develop a heightened awareness of perceptions of motion in the automobile that makes them feel as though they may be rolling over on corners and as though they are veering on open highways or in streaming traffic. This article discusses the putative mechanisms, consequences and approach to managing patients with visual vertigo, motion sickness, and motorist's disorientation syndrome in the context of chronic dizziness and motion sensitivity.
环境情况导致的感觉刺激模式的模糊或冲突可能会对前庭系统产生不利影响。这种感觉信息冲突的影响可能是头晕、平衡感丧失、恶心和晕动病，有时甚至对看似轻微的日常头部运动活动也会产生影响。在某些情况下，不仅是运动本身，还有观察周围运动物体的情况，例如在超市过道或其他有视觉骚乱的地方；这可能会导致头晕、恶心或晕车的感觉，这种情况被称为视觉运动病。所有具有正常前庭功能的人都可能经历晕动病，尽管个体的易感性差异很大，并且至少部分是遗传性的。驾驶员学会在汽车悬架稳定并由转向引导的情况下解释感觉刺激。在一些人身上会发生一种驾驶员的定向障碍，他们对汽车运动的感知变得异常敏感，这使他们感觉好像在转弯时可能会翻车，好像在空旷的高速公路或交通拥堵的道路上行驶一样。本文讨论了在慢性头晕和运动敏感的背景下，视觉性眩晕、晕动病和驾驶员定向障碍综合征的假设机制、后果和管理方法。
