Hak David J
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2007 Sep;15(9):525-36. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200709000-00003.
Several bone graft substitutes are now available for use in augmenting bone healing following trauma. Many of these products are osteoconductive and are indicated for filling bone defects in conjunction with standard methods of internal and external fixation. Osteoconduction refers to a process in which the three-dimensional structure of a substance is conducive for the ongrowth and/or ingrowth of newly formed bone. Currently used bone graft substitutes that primarily offer osteoconductive properties include coralline hydroxyapatite, collagen-based matrices, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, and tricalcium phosphate. These products vary considerably in chemical composition, structural strength, and resorption or remodeling rates. Understanding these differences is important in selecting a bone graft substitute with the properties desired for a specific clinical situation. The limited number of clinical studies and lack of direct-comparison studies between these products require the surgeon to fully understand the properties of each product when choosing a bone graft substitute.
目前有几种骨移植替代物可用于促进创伤后的骨愈合。这些产品中的许多具有骨传导性，适用于结合内固定和外固定的标准方法来填充骨缺损。骨传导是指一种物质的三维结构有利于新形成骨的附着生长和/或长入的过程。目前主要具有骨传导特性的骨移植替代物包括珊瑚羟基磷灰石、胶原基质、磷酸钙、硫酸钙和磷酸三钙。这些产品在化学成分、结构强度以及吸收或重塑速率方面有很大差异。了解这些差异对于选择具有特定临床情况所需特性的骨移植替代物很重要。这些产品之间的临床研究数量有限且缺乏直接比较研究，这就要求外科医生在选择骨移植替代物时充分了解每种产品的特性。
