Grote Tobias, Logsdon Craig D
Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2007 Sep;23(5):508-14. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0b013e3282ba5724.
To describe advances in the development of biomarkers for pancreatic cancer over the past year.
Several new approaches were taken in the search for biomarkers for pancreatic cancer. Studies of CA19-9 revealed new prognostic abilities of the already well known biomarker. New blood biomarkers were investigated and CEACAM1 and MIC-1 were found to be superior to CA19-9 at distinguishing cancer from normal but, unfortunately, not from chronic pancreatitis. MUC1 was reported to be superior to CA19-9 based on the use of a novel immunoassay. The superiority of the concept of a panel of biomarkers as opposed to single biomarkers was supported by several studies, but no such panel was identified. RNA levels in blood and DNA methylation in pancreatic juice yielded some promising findings. Advancements were also made in the area of tissue biomarkers, which can improve the diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspirations and provide prognostic information. A new source of potential biomarkers, microRNAs, also made its debut in the past year.
The tools to identify pancreatic-cancer biomarkers and sources of samples needed in this search are expanding. The field has not yet achieved its aims, but several encouraging breakthroughs have been made.
描述过去一年胰腺癌生物标志物开发方面的进展。
在寻找胰腺癌生物标志物方面采用了几种新方法。对CA19-9的研究揭示了这种已广为人知的生物标志物的新预后能力。对新的血液生物标志物进行了研究，发现癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子1（CEACAM1）和巨噬细胞抑制因子1（MIC-1）在区分癌症与正常组织方面优于CA19-9，但遗憾的是，在区分癌症与慢性胰腺炎方面并不优于CA19-9。据报道，基于一种新型免疫测定法，黏蛋白1（MUC1）优于CA19-9。多项研究支持了生物标志物组合概念相对于单一生物标志物的优越性，但尚未确定这样的组合。血液中的RNA水平和胰液中的DNA甲基化产生了一些有前景的发现。组织生物标志物领域也取得了进展，这可以提高细针穿刺的诊断准确性并提供预后信息。一种潜在生物标志物的新来源——微小RNA（microRNAs），也在过去一年首次亮相。
识别胰腺癌生物标志物的工具以及该研究所需的样本来源正在不断扩展。该领域尚未实现其目标，但已取得了一些令人鼓舞的突破。
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