Long Kurt Z, Garcia Coralith, Santos Jose I, Rosado Jorge L, Hertzmark Ellen, Dupont Herbert L, Ko Gwangpyo
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2007 Oct 1;196(7):978-85. doi: 10.1086/521195. Epub 2007 Aug 22.
The effect of vitamin A supplementation on viral gastrointestinal infections among young children living in developing countries remains unclear.
The effect of vitamin A supplementation on norovirus (NoV) infection among 127 Mexican children 5-15 months of age was studied in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial during June-August 1998. Stool samples collected every 2 weeks and after diarrheal episodes were screened for NoV and characterized at the genogroup level (GI and GII).
Of the stool samples collected, 29.9% were positive for NoV, and NoV GI and NoV GII were found in 55.4% and 46.4% of the positive samples, respectively. Vitamin A supplementation reduced the prevalence of NoV GII infections (rate ratio [RR], 0.60 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.20-0.82]), increased the length of both NoV GI and GII shedding, and decreased the prevalence of NoV-associated diarrhea (RR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.26-0.97]).
These findings suggest that NoV is an important cause of pediatric diarrhea in this study population and that vitamin A supplementation has divergent effects on specific outcomes of NoV infection.
维生素A补充剂对生活在发展中国家的幼儿病毒性胃肠道感染的影响仍不明确。
1998年6月至8月期间，在一项随机、安慰剂对照试验中，研究了维生素A补充剂对127名5至15个月大的墨西哥儿童诺如病毒（NoV）感染的影响。每2周以及腹泻发作后收集的粪便样本进行诺如病毒筛查，并在基因组水平（GI和GII）进行特征分析。
在所收集的粪便样本中，29.9%的样本诺如病毒呈阳性，在阳性样本中，分别有55.4%和46.4%检测到诺如病毒GI和诺如病毒GII。补充维生素A降低了诺如病毒GII感染的患病率（率比[RR]，0.60[95%置信区间{CI}，0.20 - 0.82]），增加了诺如病毒GI和GII的排毒时长，并降低了诺如病毒相关性腹泻的患病率（RR，0.51[95%CI，0.26 - 0.97]）。
这些发现表明，在该研究人群中，诺如病毒是小儿腹泻的一个重要病因，并且补充维生素A对诺如病毒感染的特定结局有不同影响。
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