Mittendorf Elizabeth A, Peoples George E, Singletary S Eva
Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030-4095, USA.
Cancer. 2007 Oct 15;110(8):1677-86. doi: 10.1002/cncr.22978.
The objective of this study was to review issues involved in the search for a breast cancer vaccine. A review of the recent literature (2004-2007) was undertaken, with earlier literature included as appropriate for background, to assess 1) current approaches being used to create a therapeutic breast cancer vaccine, and 2) potential strategies for a preventive vaccine targeting either an infectious agent or tumor-associated antigen. Several approaches to the development of a therapeutic vaccine show promise, including tumor cell/dendritic cell fusion and DNA vaccines based on single purified antigens or DNA fragments from whole cells. Most of these experimental vaccines have either not moved beyond preclinical testing or have not shown a significant clinical response. Strategies involving host factors that mitigate immune response against tumors also show promise. Interest has increased in developing a preventive vaccine that can be administered to immunocompetent patients with minimal or no evidence of disease. Prophylactic vaccines typically target infectious agents, but the evidence for an infectious etiology for breast cancer is largely descriptive and difficult to interpret. A second strategy for a preventive breast cancer vaccine is to target tumor-associated antigens. Ongoing clinical trials are utilizing this approach, with preliminary results that are encouraging.
本研究的目的是回顾寻找乳腺癌疫苗过程中涉及的问题。我们对近期文献（2004 - 2007年）进行了综述，并在适当时纳入早期文献作为背景资料，以评估：1）目前用于研发治疗性乳腺癌疫苗的方法；2）针对感染因子或肿瘤相关抗原的预防性疫苗的潜在策略。几种治疗性疫苗的研发方法显示出前景，包括肿瘤细胞/树突状细胞融合以及基于单一纯化抗原或全细胞DNA片段的DNA疫苗。这些实验性疫苗大多尚未超越临床前测试阶段，或者未显示出显著的临床反应。涉及减轻针对肿瘤的免疫反应的宿主因素的策略也显示出前景。开发一种可用于免疫功能正常且几乎没有或没有疾病证据的患者的预防性疫苗的兴趣有所增加。预防性疫苗通常针对感染因子，但乳腺癌感染病因的证据大多是描述性的，难以解释。预防性乳腺癌疫苗的第二种策略是针对肿瘤相关抗原。正在进行的临床试验正在采用这种方法，初步结果令人鼓舞。
