Science. 1995 Jul 7;269(5220):63-6. doi: 10.1126/science.269.5220.63.
Biogeographical and biodiversity studies in Iowland Amazonian rain forests typically refer to observed or postulated distribution barriers such as past unfavorable climates, mountains, rivers, and river floodplains that divide the uniform tierra firme (noninundated) forest. Present-day ecological heterogeneity within tierra firme has hardly been discussed in this context, although edaphic differences are known to affect species distribution patterns in both inundated areas and tierra firme. Quantification of landscape heterogeneity in Peruvian Iowland Amazonia (500,000 kilometers squared), based on field studies and satellite image analysis, shows that Peruvian Amazonia is considerably more heterogeneous than previously reported. These observations have implications for the research, management, and conservation of Amazonian biodiversity.
在伊沃兰亚马逊雨林的生物地理和生物多样性研究中，通常指的是观察到的或假设的分布障碍，如过去不利的气候、山脉、河流和河流泛滥平原，这些障碍将均匀的“干地”（未泛滥的）森林分隔开来。尽管已知土壤差异会影响淹没区和干地上的物种分布模式，但在这种情况下，几乎没有讨论过干地上当前的生态异质性。基于实地研究和卫星图像分析，对秘鲁伊沃兰亚马逊地区（50 万平方公里）的景观异质性进行量化，结果表明，秘鲁亚马逊地区的异质性比以前报道的要大得多。这些观察结果对亚马逊生物多样性的研究、管理和保护具有重要意义。
