北极冬季平流层极地云粒子上的氯化学

Chlorine chemistry on polar stratospheric cloud particles in the arctic winter.

作者信息

Webster C R, May R D, Toohey D W, Avallone L M, Anderson J G, Newman P, Lait L, Schoeberl M R, Elkins J W, Chan K R

出版信息

Science. 1993 Aug 27;261(5125):1130-4. doi: 10.1126/science.261.5125.1130.

DOI:10.1126/science.261.5125.1130

Abstract

Simultaneous in situ measurements of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and chlorine monoxide (ClO) in the Arctic winter vortex showed large HCl losses, of up to 1 part per billion by volume (ppbv), which were correlated with high ClO levels of up to 1.4 ppbv. Air parcel trajectory analysis identified that this conversion of inorganic chlorine occurred at air temperatures of less than 196 +/- 4 kelvin. High ClO was always accompanied by loss of HCI mixing ratios equal to (1/2)(ClO + 2Cl(2)O(2)). These data indicate that the heterogeneous reaction HCl + ClONO(2) --> Cl(2) + HNO(3) on particles of polar stratospheric clouds establishes the chlorine partitioning, which, contrary to earlier notions, begins with an excess of ClONO(2), not HCl.

摘要

在北极冬季涡旋中同时对盐酸（HCl）和一氧化氯（ClO）进行原位测量，结果显示HCl有大量损失，高达十亿分之一体积比（ppbv），这与高达1.4 ppbv的高ClO水平相关。气团轨迹分析表明，这种无机氯的转化发生在空气温度低于196±4开尔文时。高ClO总是伴随着HCl混合比的损失，损失量等于(1/2)(ClO + 2Cl₂O₂)。这些数据表明，极地平流层云粒子上的异相反应HCl + ClONO₂ --> Cl₂ + HNO₃确定了氯的分配情况，与早期观点相反，这种分配始于ClONO₂过量，而非HCl过量。