Science. 1991 Mar 8;251(4998):1206-10. doi: 10.1126/science.251.4998.1206.
A general method of manipulating adsorbed atoms and molecules on room-temperature surfaces with the use of a scanning tunneling microscope is described. By applying an appropriate voltage pulse between the sample and probe tip, adsorbed atoms can be induced to diffuse into the region beneath the tip. The field-induced diffusion occurs preferentially toward the tip during the voltage pulse because of the local potential energy gradient arising from the interaction of the adsorbate dipole moment with the electric field gradient at the surface. Depending upon the surface and pulse parameters, cesium (Cs) structures from one nanometer to a few tens of nanometers across have been created in this way on the (110) surfaces of gallium arsenide (GaAs) and indium antimonide (InSb), including structures that do not naturally occur.
描述了一种利用扫描隧道显微镜在室温表面操纵吸附原子和分子的通用方法。通过在样品和探针尖端之间施加适当的电压脉冲，可以诱导吸附原子扩散到尖端下方的区域。由于吸附偶极矩与表面处的电场梯度相互作用产生的局部势能梯度，在电压脉冲期间，场诱导扩散优先朝向尖端发生。根据表面和脉冲参数的不同，已经在砷化镓 (GaAs) 和锑化铟 (InSb) 的 (110) 表面上以这种方式创建了横跨 1 纳米到几十纳米的铯 (Cs) 结构，包括自然不会出现的结构。
