Webster W S, Brown-Woodman P D, Lipson A H, Ritchie H E
Department of Anatomy, University of Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1991 Nov-Dec;13(6):621-6. doi: 10.1016/0892-0362(91)90045-x.
The aim of this study was to identify fetal brain damage induced by 1) prenatal cocaine exposure or 2) physical procedures causing temporary constriction or occlusion of the uterine vessels in pregnant rats. Brains were examined from rat fetuses killed 48 hours after the dam was given one or more intraperitoneal doses of cocaine (50-70 mg/kg) on day 16 of gestation. Only brains from fetuses with hemorrhage in the extremities were examined, as this indicated they had undergone a circulatory disturbance. Four of the 10 brains examined showed bilateral necrosis and cavitation in the cerebral cortex. There were also hemorrhage and ectopic outgrowths in the corpus striatum, bilateral cavitation in the brainstem and vacuolization in the lens of the eye. A similar type and distribution of damage was seen in rat fetal brains from dams treated by temporary occlusion of the uterine vessels or direct handling of the pregnant uterus on day 16 of gestation and examined 48 hours later. It is proposed that the procedures act through the common mechanism of constriction/occlusion of the uterine vessels. The damage to the fetuses appears to be due to hemorrhage from the fetal vessels and ischemia. These findings are discussed in relation to cocaine use during human pregnancy.
1）产前接触可卡因；2）在怀孕大鼠身上进行的导致子宫血管暂时收缩或闭塞的物理操作。在妊娠第16天给孕鼠腹腔注射一剂或多剂可卡因（50 - 70毫克/千克）后48小时，处死大鼠胎儿并检查其大脑。仅检查四肢有出血的胎儿的大脑，因为这表明它们经历了循环系统紊乱。在检查的10个大脑中，有4个显示大脑皮质出现双侧坏死和空洞形成。纹状体也有出血和异位增生，脑干出现双侧空洞形成，眼球晶状体出现空泡化。在妊娠第16天通过暂时闭塞子宫血管或直接处理怀孕子宫进行处理并在48小时后检查的孕鼠所产大鼠胎儿大脑中，也观察到了类似类型和分布的损伤。有人提出，这些操作是通过子宫血管收缩/闭塞的共同机制起作用的。胎儿的损伤似乎是由于胎儿血管出血和缺血所致。结合人类孕期使用可卡因的情况对这些发现进行了讨论。
